Spinal Cord Injury and the effect of Morphine Marisa Mucka May 5‚ 2014 Intrathecal Morphine Attenuates Recovery of Function after a Spinal Cord Injury A human body endures a lot of injuries such as broken bones‚ cuts‚ heart attacks but one serious injury is “spinal cord injury” which can be a obstacle to medicine. With such injury‚ as a spinal cord‚ the recovery itself can be very painful to handle so most patients are administered pain killers to minimize
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Stenosis means "closing in" or "choking". Spinal stenosis describes a condition in which the nerves in the spinal canal are closed in‚ or compressed. The spinal canal is the hollow vertical hole formed by the bones of the spinal column. Anything that causes this bony hole to shrink can squeeze the nerves inside. This narrowing can irritate the nerve roots that branch out from the spinal cord‚ or it can squeeze and irritate the spinal cord itself. This may cause pain‚ numbness‚ or weakness‚ most
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“What are the assessment findings associated with injuries of the spinal cord at the thoracic level?” The signs and symptoms associated with a thoracic spinal cord injury may range from respiratory‚ cardiovascular‚ gastrointestinal‚ and urinary complications. If the thoracic vertebrae experience any trauma‚ during assessment the patient may exhibit a loss of physical sensation‚ paraplegia or weakness in the legs‚ bradycardia‚ hypotension‚ or orthostatic hypotension. The patient may also experience
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June 16‚ 2014 A Case of Spinal Cord Injury 1. Describe the functional anatomy of the spinal cord using the following terms: white matter‚ gray matter‚ tracts‚ roots and spinal nerves. The spinal cord consists of a superficial White matter and a deep Gray matter. The white matter consists of myelinated axons‚ which form nerve tracts and the Gray matter consists of neuron cell bodies‚ dendrites and axons. The white matter in each half of the spinal cord is organized into ventral‚ dorsal
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traumatic spinal cord injuries in their lifetimes that leave them paralyzed. Many people wonder if these spinal cord injuries are reversible‚ and hope to someday walk again. Although the complete reversal of paralysis is in the minority viewpoint‚ encouragement by others in similar situations has been shown to help motivate paraplegics to maintain a rehabilitation process. There are many researches about the restoration of spinal cord injuries to give hope to those affected by spinal cord injuries
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Absence of Local Sign Withdrawal in Chronic Human Spinal Cord Injury Spinal cord • Main pathway of communication between the brain and the rest of the body. • Soft tube-like structure of nerves that extends downward from the base of the brain. • Protected by the bones of spinal column. - Nerves enter and exits from the spinal cord through its length‚ passing through small openings between each vertebra. • It is highly organized. - Anterior motor neuron
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Three different general types of spinal cord models consist of contusion‚ compression and transection \cite{rosenzweig2004}. Each model contains the different advantages and disadvantages depending on the observing study. When a blunt force exposes to the spinal cord without the destruction of the dura‚ it develops the contusion model which is the most general case in human \cite{jackson2004‚calancie2005}. The impactor is the confined tool to induce the contusion model with repeatability
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trend toward bilateral symmetry and cephalization * Invertebrate Nervous Organization * In simple animals‚ such as sponges‚ the most common observable response is closure of the osculum (central opening) * Hydras (cnidarians) have a nerve net that is composed of neurons * Planarians‚ (flatworms) have a ladderlike nervous system * In annelids (earthworm)‚ arthropods (crab)‚ and molluscs (squid) the nervous system shows further advances * Cephalization - concentration
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The spinal cord plays a crucial role in the overall function of the body. The spinal cord‚ which is around 18 inches long‚ is basically a cluster of nerves that transport signals between the body and the brain. A spinal cord injury is of course devastating‚ because it can have such long lasting effects. The spinal cord is so important to the body’s overall ability to function that any injury to this area can be debilitating. Of course‚ the type and severity of the spinal cord injury will affect the
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mechanical damage to the spinal cord and usually leads to motor and sensory dysfunction subject to the condition of injury. SCI is one of the major causes of death and disability in clinical situations. SCI brings enormous psychological and economic burdens to individual family as well as the whole society as a whole. (1‚2‚3‚4‚5) In the United States there are approximately 282‚000 people suffering from SCI and an average growth of 17‚000 cases annually. (6) Spinal cord injury includes primary physical
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