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Van Der Graff

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Van Der Graff
GENERADOR DE VAN DE GRAAFF

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1. Generalización

El generador de Van der Graaff, GVG, es un aparato utilizado para crear grandes voltajes. En realidad es un electróforo de funcionamiento continuo.
Se basa en los fenómenos de electrización por contacto y en la inducción de carga. Este efecto es creado por un campo intenso y se asocia a la alta densidad de carga en las puntas.
A machine, first demonstrated in 1929 by the American physicist Robert J. Van der Graaf (1901-1967), which is capable of generating very high voltages , of the order of millions of volts.The straightforward principle behind the Van der Graaf generator is as follows.El sencillo principio detrás de la Van der Graaff generador es el siguiente. Electric charges of the same type (either positive or negative) are put onto a moving belt, carried upwards by the belt into a hollow copper dome, and left there. Cargas eléctricas del mismo tipo (ya sea positivo o negativo) se colocan en una cinta en movimiento, llevada hacia arriba por la banda en un hueco de la cúpula de cobre, y la izquierda. This is a continuous process, the belt collecting charge at the bottom and depositing for storage at the top. Este es un proceso continuo, el cinturón de la recogida de carga en la parte inferior del depósito para el almacenamiento y en la parte superior. As the amount of charge on the dome builds up, its voltage increases. Como el importe de cargo en la cúpula se acumula, la tensión aumenta.

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Suppose the dome is to be negatively charged.Supongamos que la cúpula se ha cargado negativamente. At the lower end of the machine is an electric generator capable of making a direct current of electricity at a relatively low voltage – about 20,000 volts. En el extremo inferior de la máquina es un generador eléctrico capaz de hacer una corriente continua de electricidad a un voltaje relativamente bajo - alrededor de 20.000 voltios. To the negative terminal of this generator are attached a number

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