Spanish Colonial Period To Philippine Revolution

SPANISH COLONIAL
PERIOD TO PHILIPPINE
REVOLUTION

Aims of Spanish Colonization
• God – propagation of Catholic Christianity
• Gold – desire for economic wealth
• Glory – to be the greatest empire in the world THE SPANISH COLONIAL
SYSTEM

Spain Retains the Philippines Despite
Economic Loss
• As a colony, the Philippines was a financial burden to the Spanish treasury.
The Philippines as Crown Colony
• In the sense that she belonged to the
Spanish King.

THE SPANISH COLONIAL
SYSTEM

The Council of the Indies
• President
• 4 Councilors
• Secretary
• Fiscal
• Treasurer
• Historian
• Cosmographer
• Professor of Mathematics
•THE
Usher SPANISH COLONIAL

SYSTEM

The Laws of the Indies
The Governor General – the chief executive of the Philippines during Spanish times
Checks to Gubernatorial Powers:
• The Royal Audiencia
• The Archbishop and the Clergy
• The Complaints
• The Residencia
• The Visitador

THE SPANISH COLONIAL
SYSTEM

The Encomienda System The encomienda was a legal system that was used by the Spanish crown during the
Spanish colonization of the Americas to regulate Native Americans and to reward individual Spaniards for services to the crown.
• Royal – owned by the king
• Private – owned by private persons or charitable institutions

THE SPANISH COLONIAL
SYSTEM

• The Tribute – As a symbol of vassalage to
Spain, the Filipinos paid tribute.
• The Polo – all male Filipinos from 16-60 years of age were obliged to render forced labor. • Polista – Filipinos who rendered forced labor • Falla – sum of money

THE SPANISH COLONIAL
SYSTEM

• Abolition of Slavery (Oct. 17,1581)
• Provincial Government – divided into provinces and special districts.
• Municipal Government – divided into pueblos. • The Cities – Manila, Lipa, Jaro, Cebu,
Albay, Arevalo, Naga and Vigan.

THE SPANISH COLONIAL
SYSTEM

• Missionaries and Spanish Colonization
• Ecclesiastical Organization – parallel and intimately associated with the civil government. • Union of Church and State

THE SPANISH COLONIAL
SYSTEM

• Spain’s Economic Policy – the pace of economic development of the Philippines was generally slow

OUR ECONOMY UNDER
SPAIN

Economic Achievements
• The introduction of new plants and animals from Mexico
• The establishment of new industries
• The opening of Manila-Acapulco trade
• The founding of Economic Society of Friends of the
Country
• The Tobacco Monopoly
• The Creation of the Royal company of the Philippines
• The opening of the Philippines to world trade

OUR ECONOMY UNDER
SPAIN

Diet and Dress
• Spain improved the people by introducing new food plants.
• The male jacket and bahag were replaced by the
Western Coat and trousers. They began to wear hats, instead of putong, and used slippers and shoes for footwear.
• The women discarded the sarong and used saya as lower apparel and they adopted the camisa with long and wide sleeves.

OUR SPANISH HERITAGE

OUR SPANISH HERITAGE

Family Life
• Simple and wholesome
Filipino Women During Spanish Times
• The position of Filipino Women in society, already high during the Pre-Spanish period was further elevated under Spanish rule.

OUR SPANISH HERITAGE

• Introduction of the Gregorian Calendar
– until the 1845, the Philippine calendar was one day behind that of European time.
• Spanish Surnames for Filipinos
• Latin Alphabet and Spanish Language
• Preservation of Philippine Languages

OUR SPANISH HERITAGE

• Journalism
• Literature
• Theatre
• Music
• Architecture
• Painting
• Sculpture
• Sciences
• Spanish Blood
• Hospitals and Orphanages
• Fiestas
• Sabong
•OUR
SPANISH HERITAGE
Horse Races
• The Manila Lottery

Why did the Filipinos Serve Spain?
• The Filipinos were not united
• The Filipinos were converted to the
Roman Catholic religion
• The Filipinos were offered rewards and honors by the Spanish rulers

FILIPINO SERVICES TO
SPAIN

How Did Filipinos Serve Spain?
• Filipinos provided food for Spaniards
• Filipinos worked in the industries owned by
Spaniards
• Filipinos fought on the side of Spain against
Portugal
• Filipinos joined the military expeditions to Borneo and the Moluccas
• Filipinos fought on the side of Spain against Dutch and British
FILIPINO
SERVICES TO

SPAIN

How Did Filipinos Serve Spain?
• Filipinos joined the expedition to Indochina
• Filipinos joined the expedition to Taiwan
• Filipinos helped to colonize the Marianas, Palaus and Caroline Islands
• Filipinos helped put down the Chinese revolts and to stop the invasion of Lim-Ah-Hong
• Christian Filipinos fought with Spain against the
Filipino Muslims (Moros)

FILIPINO SERVICES TO
SPAIN

• Filipinos as Farmers – they tilled the land and raised foodstuffs and livestocks.
• Filipinos in Industries – they became good builders of ships for the Spaniards during the Spanish era.
• Filipinos Role in Spain’s Dream of an
Asian Empire

FILIPINO SERVICES TO
SPAIN

• The Philippine Revolution began in August
1896, when the Spanish authorities discovered Katipunan, an anti-colonial secret organization. The Katipunan, led by
Andrés Bonifacio, was a liberationist movement whose goal was independence from Spain through armed revolt.
• 1896-1898

PHILIPPINE REVOLUTION