Pt1420 Unit 2

Part 2
(i) Give a description of the following variables using appropriate graphical displays and summary statistics: gender; time; travel; type; number. Explain what these show about the typical travellers on the system.

a) Gender

According to the survey results and figure 1, the number of respondents for male is 114 and female is 86. This may suggest that there are more males than females travellers travel in the train.

b) Time

According to the survey results in figure 2, 47.5% of respondents travel in the evening time, 22.5% in the morning, 15% in the afternoon and late evening. This may suggest that evening time (4.30pm -9pm) is the peak time as more travellers taking the train during that time.

c) Travel
(ii) How safe do travellers feel? Use summary statistics and graphs to assess this, and also test whether the perception of safety on the system varies by gender or by the time of day when travel takes place.

According to Figure 6, 21.5% of travelers (highest number of respondents =43) feel somewhat less moderately unsafe. This is validated by summary statistics which shows the mean is 4.69 – almost at the middle but tilting towards the unsafe level.

H0 : There is no difference in the perception of safety between male and female travelers taking the train
H1 : There is a difference in the perception of safety between male and female travelers taking the
value is 0.329 which is greater than 0.05 significant value, then equal variances is assumed, and moving along top row the significant value (2-tailed) for mean comparison is 0.741. Since the p-value = 0.741 which is greater than 0.05 sig level, we accept the null hypothesis at 5% significance level. Therefore there is no difference in the perception of safety between male and female travelers taking the train

H0 : There is no difference in the perception of safety between the groups in the time of day when travel takes place
H1 : There is a difference in the perception of safety at least in one group in the time of day when travel takes place
In the test above group 1= morning: 6am-12noon, group 2=afternoon: 12noon-4:30pm, group 3=evening: 4:30pm-9pm, group 4=late evening: after 9pm

Since p-value is 0.000 which is less than 0.05, we reject the null hypothesis and accept alternative hypothesis at 1% significance level. Therefore this suggests there is a difference in the perception of safety at least in one group in the time of day when travel takes place.

Since significant value for test of Homegeneity is 0.010 which is less than 0.05, thus indicating that equality of variance cannot be assumed. When equality of variance cannot be assumed, we need to carry out alternative Games-Howell post-hoc