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PEARL OYSTERS
INTRODUCTION
PEARLS ARE ONE OF THE RAREST AND HIGHLY ESTEEMED GEMS.PEARLS ARE PRODUCED BY THE PEARL OYSTER OF GENUS PINCTADA UNDER CLASS BIVALVIA.SHELLS HAVING A BRILLIANT SILVERY SHEEN ARE KNOWN IN COMMERCE AS THE MOTHER OF PEARL.THEY ARE COLLEECTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF BUTTONS AND OTHER FANCY MATERIAL.
WHERE DOES THE PEARL OYSTER OCCUR
THE OYSTE ROCCUR ON THE RIDGES OF ROCK OR DEAD CORAL IN THE GULF OF MANNAR ALONG BOTH COASTS OF INDIA AND SRILANKA.THESE FORMATIONS ARE KNOWN AS PEARL BANKS OR PAARS .THEY EXTEND FROM CAPE OF CAMORIN(KANYAKUMARI) TO RAMESHWARAM ISLAND .HEAVY PRODUCTION HAD BEEN RECORDED IN TUTICORIN.FROM THE POINT OF VEIW OF PEARL PRODUCTION IN INDIAN WATERS ,THE MOST IMPORTANT SPECIES IS P.FUCATA .IT HAS A WIDE DISTRIBUTION IN THE PERSIAN GULF ,RED SEA,GULF OF KUTCH ,GULF OF MANNAR AND THE PALK BAY.
FARMING OYSTERS AND PEARL FARMING
FROM EACH PEARL OYSTER BED THOUSANDS OF OYSTERS ARE TAKEN OUT .EVERY OYSTER CONTAINS A PEARL .MOST OF THE PEARL OBTAINED ARE TOO SMALL .SOME OF THEM ARE LARGE,PERFECTLY ROUND WITH FINE LUSTURE FETCHING HIGH PRICES.HENCE IT IS WORTHWHILE FARMING OYSTERS AND INDUCE PEARL FARMING.IN RECENT YEARS INDIA HAS SUCEEDED IN DEVOLOPING FARMING TECHNIQUES FOR PRODUCTION OF CULTURED PERALS F GOOD SHAPE AND LUSTURE.
CMFRI-CENTRAL MARINE FISHERIES RESEARCH INSTITUTE
THE CMFRI IN INDIA GIVES NECESSARY TRAINING IN PEARL CULTURE TECHNIQUES .IN THIS PROCESS SHELL BEADS ARE INTRODUCED INTO SOFT TISSUES OF THE OYSTER ALONG WITH A STRIP OF THE MANTLE SO THAT THE LATTER MAY SECRETE THE PEARLY SUBSTANCE AROUND THE BEAD.THE TREATED OYSTERS ARE WELL TAKEN CARE OF IN CAGES SUSPENDEDFROM FLOATING RAFTS IN SHALLOW WATERS OF THE SEA .THUS,CULTURED PEARLS ARE PRODUCED IN THE SAME WAY AS THE NATURAL PEARLS.THE PEARL IS A CONCRETION OF CALCIUM CARBONATE IN AN ORGANIC MATRIX.IT IS LIKE THE NACCREOUS LAYER SECRETED BY THE MANTLE ON THE INNER SURFACE OF THE SHELL VALVE.
INTRODUCTION
PEARLS ARE ONE OF THE RAREST AND HIGHLY ESTEEMED GEMS.PEARLS ARE PRODUCED BY THE PEARL OYSTER OF GENUS PINCTADA UNDER CLASS BIVALVIA.SHELLS HAVING A BRILLIANT SILVERY SHEEN ARE KNOWN IN COMMERCE AS THE MOTHER OF PEARL.THEY ARE COLLEECTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF BUTTONS AND OTHER FANCY MATERIAL.
WHERE DOES THE PEARL OYSTER OCCUR
THE OYSTE ROCCUR ON THE RIDGES OF ROCK OR DEAD CORAL IN THE GULF OF MANNAR ALONG BOTH COASTS OF INDIA AND SRILANKA.THESE FORMATIONS ARE KNOWN AS PEARL BANKS OR PAARS .THEY EXTEND FROM CAPE OF CAMORIN(KANYAKUMARI) TO RAMESHWARAM ISLAND .HEAVY PRODUCTION HAD BEEN RECORDED IN TUTICORIN.FROM THE POINT OF VEIW OF PEARL PRODUCTION IN INDIAN WATERS ,THE MOST IMPORTANT SPECIES IS P.FUCATA .IT HAS A WIDE DISTRIBUTION IN THE PERSIAN GULF ,RED SEA,GULF OF KUTCH ,GULF OF MANNAR AND THE PALK BAY.
FARMING OYSTERS AND PEARL FARMING
FROM EACH PEARL OYSTER BED THOUSANDS OF OYSTERS ARE TAKEN OUT .EVERY OYSTER CONTAINS A PEARL .MOST OF THE PEARL OBTAINED ARE TOO SMALL .SOME OF THEM ARE LARGE,PERFECTLY ROUND WITH FINE LUSTURE FETCHING HIGH PRICES.HENCE IT IS WORTHWHILE FARMING OYSTERS AND INDUCE PEARL FARMING.IN RECENT YEARS INDIA HAS SUCEEDED IN DEVOLOPING FARMING TECHNIQUES FOR PRODUCTION OF CULTURED PERALS F GOOD SHAPE AND LUSTURE.
CMFRI-CENTRAL MARINE FISHERIES RESEARCH INSTITUTE
THE CMFRI IN INDIA GIVES NECESSARY TRAINING IN PEARL CULTURE TECHNIQUES .IN THIS PROCESS SHELL BEADS ARE INTRODUCED INTO SOFT TISSUES OF THE OYSTER ALONG WITH A STRIP OF THE MANTLE SO THAT THE LATTER MAY SECRETE THE PEARLY SUBSTANCE AROUND THE BEAD.THE TREATED OYSTERS ARE WELL TAKEN CARE OF IN CAGES SUSPENDEDFROM FLOATING RAFTS IN SHALLOW WATERS OF THE SEA .THUS,CULTURED PEARLS ARE PRODUCED IN THE SAME WAY AS THE NATURAL PEARLS.THE PEARL IS A CONCRETION OF CALCIUM CARBONATE IN AN ORGANIC MATRIX.IT IS LIKE THE NACCREOUS LAYER SECRETED BY THE MANTLE ON THE INNER SURFACE OF THE SHELL VALVE.