HMB302 Lab Notes

Classification of Epithelia

Lines
Examples
Simple squamous
Surfaces involved in passive transport
Alveoli
Endothelium
Loops of Henle
Simple cuboidal epithelia
Surfaces involved in secretion and absorption
Some glands
Ducts
Collecting tubule of kidney
Simple columnar epithelia
Surfaces involved in high rates of secretion and absorption
Protection
Stomach and small intestine where it has microvilli
Collecting tubule of kidney
Fallopian tubes where it is ciliated

Pseudostratified
Usually ciliated with goblet cells
Respiratory tract in large airways, e.g. trachea
Parts of male reproductive system
Stratified cuboidal or columnar
Rare

Stratified squamous nonkeratinized
Surfaces requiring protection from abrasion, pathogens and chemical attack
Kept moist by glandular secretion
Lining of mouth
Throat
Esophagus
Rectum
Anus
Vagina
Stratified squamous keratinized
Surfaces requiring protection from abrasion, pathogens and chemical attack
Protects against dehydration
Skin – acts as barrier to evaporation
Transitional
Surfaces which must allow stretch and recoil
Round and puffy cells on top when relaxed, flattened cells when stretched
Urinary bladder
Ureter

Connective Tissue and Cartilage

Structure and Function
Found in:
Areolar CT
Least specialized – all cell and fibre types
Provides support
Allows independent movement
Provides defence against pathogens
Superficial fascia
Between muscles, BVs, Ns
Around joints
Reticular CT
Delicate thin reticular fibres
Forms stroma (scaffolding) of highly cellular organs on which they arrange their parenchyma (functional cells)
Liver, spleen, kidney, lymph nodes, bone marrow, smooth muscle
Adipose CT
Adipocytes
With areolar CT
Amount and distribution varies with age, sex, activity level
Deep to skin
Behind eyes
Around kidneys
Dense Regular CT
Type I collagen fibres arranged in parallel arrays
Tensile strength in one direction
Tendons
Aponeuroses
Ligaments
Dense Irregular CT
Type I collagen fibres arranged in meshwork