History Midterm Notes
Early Modern Period:
Uniform and powerful Church (the Catholic Church) -> rise of heretics (those who believed something other than what the Church believed), and religious fragmentation
Feudal society -> states
Feudalism= a defficult concept
Feodum -> fief
Lords have sovereignty over an area
Kings still fight to achieve control over land and countries
Social upheaval
The Early Modern World (500-1300)
1) Crisis of the Western Church also known as the Great Schism
2) Hundred Years’ War
3) Great Plague or Black Death
Orders if medieval society:
Those who Prayed
Those who fought
Those who worked
1305: Clement V elected pope (friends of King Philip IV of France): came together to elect a new pope problem with where the pope chose to live because of the relationship with the King of France the pope lived in Avignon instead of Rome the pope was then under French control so French cardinals ruled the catholic church
In 1377 the pope then moved to Rome but wanted to move back to Avignon because of the conditions
Avignon Papacy (1309-1378):
* The Great Schism (1378-1417) * Avignon and Rome both thought that they had the right to elect a new pope so for about 40 years no one knew which pope was the correct pope * Which pope received the income from sales benefices? * Who was to choose a new bishop? * Which pope had the power to execute Christians? * -------------------------------------------------
* * Hundred Years’ War
War between France and England.
The war was fought because of English land claims
English and French monarchs are all being challenged with questions of hereditary rights to rule
Edward III of England claims the thrown of France 1328
Was also a potential heir to the throne due to his mother, Isabella
Many families in Europe are interrelated and therefore it is not uncommon for claims to rule over other countries.
The Law of the Salina Franks:
Only
Uniform and powerful Church (the Catholic Church) -> rise of heretics (those who believed something other than what the Church believed), and religious fragmentation
Feudal society -> states
Feudalism= a defficult concept
Feodum -> fief
Lords have sovereignty over an area
Kings still fight to achieve control over land and countries
Social upheaval
The Early Modern World (500-1300)
1) Crisis of the Western Church also known as the Great Schism
2) Hundred Years’ War
3) Great Plague or Black Death
Orders if medieval society:
Those who Prayed
Those who fought
Those who worked
1305: Clement V elected pope (friends of King Philip IV of France): came together to elect a new pope problem with where the pope chose to live because of the relationship with the King of France the pope lived in Avignon instead of Rome the pope was then under French control so French cardinals ruled the catholic church
In 1377 the pope then moved to Rome but wanted to move back to Avignon because of the conditions
Avignon Papacy (1309-1378):
* The Great Schism (1378-1417) * Avignon and Rome both thought that they had the right to elect a new pope so for about 40 years no one knew which pope was the correct pope * Which pope received the income from sales benefices? * Who was to choose a new bishop? * Which pope had the power to execute Christians? * -------------------------------------------------
* * Hundred Years’ War
War between France and England.
The war was fought because of English land claims
English and French monarchs are all being challenged with questions of hereditary rights to rule
Edward III of England claims the thrown of France 1328
Was also a potential heir to the throne due to his mother, Isabella
Many families in Europe are interrelated and therefore it is not uncommon for claims to rule over other countries.
The Law of the Salina Franks:
Only