HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE OF MODES OF CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS OF THE FOLLOWING PEOPLE: o BABYLONIANS o GREEKS o ASSYRIANS o EGYPTIANS o ROMANS
AN ASSIGNMENT
ON
BUILDING SCIENCE AND ARCHITECTURE
(BLD 205)
Topic:
HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE OF MODES OF CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS OF THE FOLLOWING PEOPLE:
BABYLONIANS
GREEKS
ASSYRIANS
EGYPTIANS
ROMANS
USING RELEVANT SKETCHES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, EXPLAIN HOW PEOPLE ACROSS THE CONTINENT OF THE GLOBE USE BUILDING ENVELOPE TO ACHIEVE INTERNAL COMFORT.
DEPARTMENT OF BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN AND MANAGEMENT
OBAFEMI AWOLOWO UNIVERSITY.
APRIL, 2012.
CONSTRUCTION IN ANCIENT BABYLON.
ZIGGURAT OF UR, BABYLON.
The earliest large-scale buildings for which evidence survives have been found in ancient Mesopotamia. The smaller dwellings only survive in traces of foundations, but the later civilisations built very sizeable structures in the forms of palaces, temples and ziggurats and took particular care to build them out of materials that last, which has ensured that very considerable parts have remained intact. Major technical achievement is evidenced by the construction of great cities such as Uruk and Ur. The Ziggurat of Ur is an outstanding building of the period, despite major reconstruction work. Another fine example is the ziggurat at Chogha Zanbil in modern Iran.
MATERIALS
The chief building material was the mud brick, formed in wooden moulds. Bricks varied widely in size and format from small bricks that could be lifted in one hand to ones as big as large paving slabs. Rectangular and square bricks were both common. They were laid in virtually every bonding pattern imaginable and used with considerable sophistication. Drawings survive on clay tablets from later periods showing that buildings were set out on brick modules. By 3500 BC, bricks were also being fired and surviving records show a very complex division of labour into separate tasks and trades. Life in general was governed by complex ritual and this extended to rituals for setting-out buildings and moulding the first bricks. Contrary to popular belief the arch was not invented
ON
BUILDING SCIENCE AND ARCHITECTURE
(BLD 205)
Topic:
HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE OF MODES OF CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS OF THE FOLLOWING PEOPLE:
BABYLONIANS
GREEKS
ASSYRIANS
EGYPTIANS
ROMANS
USING RELEVANT SKETCHES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, EXPLAIN HOW PEOPLE ACROSS THE CONTINENT OF THE GLOBE USE BUILDING ENVELOPE TO ACHIEVE INTERNAL COMFORT.
DEPARTMENT OF BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN AND MANAGEMENT
OBAFEMI AWOLOWO UNIVERSITY.
APRIL, 2012.
CONSTRUCTION IN ANCIENT BABYLON.
ZIGGURAT OF UR, BABYLON.
The earliest large-scale buildings for which evidence survives have been found in ancient Mesopotamia. The smaller dwellings only survive in traces of foundations, but the later civilisations built very sizeable structures in the forms of palaces, temples and ziggurats and took particular care to build them out of materials that last, which has ensured that very considerable parts have remained intact. Major technical achievement is evidenced by the construction of great cities such as Uruk and Ur. The Ziggurat of Ur is an outstanding building of the period, despite major reconstruction work. Another fine example is the ziggurat at Chogha Zanbil in modern Iran.
MATERIALS
The chief building material was the mud brick, formed in wooden moulds. Bricks varied widely in size and format from small bricks that could be lifted in one hand to ones as big as large paving slabs. Rectangular and square bricks were both common. They were laid in virtually every bonding pattern imaginable and used with considerable sophistication. Drawings survive on clay tablets from later periods showing that buildings were set out on brick modules. By 3500 BC, bricks were also being fired and surviving records show a very complex division of labour into separate tasks and trades. Life in general was governed by complex ritual and this extended to rituals for setting-out buildings and moulding the first bricks. Contrary to popular belief the arch was not invented