Green Marketing
According to the American Marketing Association, green marketing is the marketing of products that are presumed to be environmentally safe.[1] Thus green marketing incorporates a broad range of activities, including product modification, changes to the production process, packaging changes, as well as modifying advertising. Yet defining green marketing is not a simple task where several meanings intersect and contradict each other; an example of this will be the existence of varying social, environmental and retail definitions attached to this term.[1] Other similar terms used are Environmental Marketing and Ecological Marketing.
Green, environmental and eco-marketing are part of the new marketing approaches which do not just refocus, adjust or enhance existing marketing thinking and practice, but seek to challenge those approaches and provide a substantially different perspective. In more detail green, environmental and eco-marketing belong to the group of approaches which seek to address the lack of fit between marketing as it is currently practiced and the ecological and social realities of the wider marketing environment.[2]
The legal implications of marketing claims call for caution. Misleading or overstated claims can lead to regulatory or civil challenges. In the USA, the [Federal Trade Commission] provides some guidance on environmental marketing claims.[3] This Commission is expected to do an overall review of this guidance, and the legal standards it contains, in 2011.[4] Contents * 1 History * 2 Greenhouse gas reduction market * 3 Popularity and effectiveness * 3.1 Ongoing debate * 3.2 Confusion * 3.2.1 Greenwashing * 3.3 Benefit Corporations * 3.4 Statistics * 4 Adoptability * 4.1 LOHAS * 5 The Green Marketing Mix * 6 Eco Labels * 7 Life Cycle Assessment * 7.1 Example for LCA * 8 Green marketing cases * 8.1 Phillips 's "Marathon" CFL lightbulb * 8.2 Car sharing services * 8.3
Green, environmental and eco-marketing are part of the new marketing approaches which do not just refocus, adjust or enhance existing marketing thinking and practice, but seek to challenge those approaches and provide a substantially different perspective. In more detail green, environmental and eco-marketing belong to the group of approaches which seek to address the lack of fit between marketing as it is currently practiced and the ecological and social realities of the wider marketing environment.[2]
The legal implications of marketing claims call for caution. Misleading or overstated claims can lead to regulatory or civil challenges. In the USA, the [Federal Trade Commission] provides some guidance on environmental marketing claims.[3] This Commission is expected to do an overall review of this guidance, and the legal standards it contains, in 2011.[4] Contents * 1 History * 2 Greenhouse gas reduction market * 3 Popularity and effectiveness * 3.1 Ongoing debate * 3.2 Confusion * 3.2.1 Greenwashing * 3.3 Benefit Corporations * 3.4 Statistics * 4 Adoptability * 4.1 LOHAS * 5 The Green Marketing Mix * 6 Eco Labels * 7 Life Cycle Assessment * 7.1 Example for LCA * 8 Green marketing cases * 8.1 Phillips 's "Marathon" CFL lightbulb * 8.2 Car sharing services * 8.3
References: 2. ^ a b c Belz F., Peattie K.(2009): Sustainability Marketing: A Global Perspective. John Wiley & Sons 3 4. ^ The Age of Persuasion (January 8, 2010). "Season 5: It 's Not Easy Being Green: Green Marketing". CBC Radio. Retrieved 8 January 2011. 5. ^ Dodds, John (May 21, 2007). "Green Marketing 101". Retrieved January 2008. 6. ^ Curtin, Emily (2006-09-14). "Lower East Side Green Market". Retrieved January 2008. 7. ^ Karl E., Henion; Thomas C. Kinnear (January 1976). "Ecological Marketing". Ecological Marketing. American Marketing Association. pp. 168. ISBN 0-87757-076-0, ISBN 978-0-87757-076-9. 11. ^ Dodds, John (August 11, 2006). "Geek Marketing 101". Retrieved January 2008. 12. ^ Mendleson, Nicola; Michael Jay Polonsky (1995). "Using strategic alliances to develop credible green marketing". Journal of Consumer Marketing (MCB UP Ltd) 12 (2): 4–18. doi:10.1108/07363769510084867. 13. ^ McDaniel, Stephen W.; David H. Rylander (1993). "Strategic green marketing". Journal of Consumer Marketing (MCB UP Ltd) 10 (3): 4–10. doi:10.1108/07363769310041929. 14. ^ Thomas L. Friedman (April 15, 2007). "The Power of Green". The New York Times 15 16. ^ " 'Green ' Sales Pitch Isn 't Moving Many Products". Wall Street Journal. March 6, 2007 17 18. ^ Orange, E. (2010): From eco-friendly to eco-intelligent. THE FUTURIST, September–October 2010, 28-32. 24. ^ Rogers, Everett (1995). New York: Free Press. ISBN 10: 0029266718. 25. ^ a b Todd, kaiser: Eco-marketing: a blooming corporate strategy, 2008. 27. ^ a b Grundey, D. and Zaharia, R.M. (2008): Sustainable incentives in marketing and strategic greening: the cases of Lithuania and Romania. Baltic Journal on Sustainability, 14(2), 130 –143. 28. ^ Montoro-Rios, F.J., Luque-Martinez, T. and Rodriguez-Molina, M.-A. (2008): How Green Should You Be: Can Environmental Associations Enhance Brand Performance?. Journal of advertising research, December 2008, 547-563. 29. ^ Horne, R.E. (2009): Limits to labels: The role of eco-labels in the assessment of product sustainability and routes to sustainable consumption. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 33, 175–182. 30. ^ a b Intini, F. and Kühtz, S. (2010): Recycling in buildings: an LCA case study of a thermal insulation panel made of polyester fiber, recycled from post-consumer PET bottles. International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 16, 306–315. 32. ^ G. Fowler (2002-03-06). "Green Sales Pitch Isn 't Moving Many Products". Wall Street Journal.