Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis
However, in cases in which the persons with immunodeficiency, or a immune deficiency, an “effective cell-mediated immune response” may fail to occur and thus allow the disease to further progress and possibly spread from the lungs (“Tuberculosis”). A tuberculosis infection outside of the lungs is called extrapulmonary tuberculosis. In these instances, the kidney and bones are more commonly prone to infection. In the kidney, tuberculosis proposes little to no symptoms, but may destroy part of the kidney, which allows the infection to further spread to the bladder. Furthermore, if the body cannot conjure a strong enough cell-mediated immune response, a case of miliary tuberculosis may form, in which “a large number of the bacteria is spread
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In a tuberculin skin test, tuberculin-- “a solution that stimulates the body to fight the infection”-- is injected into the skin where an infection-fighting reaction will occur which will produce a large red, swollen patch two to three days after the injection of tuberculosis is present (Edelson, Ed, et al 1168). Despite the tuberculin skin test being one of the most practical tests administered for tuberculosis, it tends to reveal only whether or not tuberculosis is live within the body and does not tell whether or not the bacteria is active. It may also produce inaccurate negative results for those with severe cases of tuberculosis with a defective immune …show more content…
Prior to the early twentieth century, there were no consistent cures for tuberculosis. Therefore, many doctors suggested that their patients complete “bleedings and purgings, but most often, doctors simply advised their patients to rest, eat well, and exercise outdoors.” As expected, very few had a complete recovery, and those who recovered had several recurrences of TB (“Early Research and Treatment of Tuberculosis in the 19th Century”).
As time progressed, science advanced and by 1918, the Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine was created. “The vaccine is administered shortly after birth only in infants at high risk of tuberculosis. BCG vaccine produces an immune response that partly protects infants and young children from serious forms of tuberculosis” (Hansen-Flaschen). This vaccine proved to be effective in children at high risk and continues to be one of the only available vaccines for tuberculosis. At this
In a tuberculin skin test, tuberculin-- “a solution that stimulates the body to fight the infection”-- is injected into the skin where an infection-fighting reaction will occur which will produce a large red, swollen patch two to three days after the injection of tuberculosis is present (Edelson, Ed, et al 1168). Despite the tuberculin skin test being one of the most practical tests administered for tuberculosis, it tends to reveal only whether or not tuberculosis is live within the body and does not tell whether or not the bacteria is active. It may also produce inaccurate negative results for those with severe cases of tuberculosis with a defective immune …show more content…
Prior to the early twentieth century, there were no consistent cures for tuberculosis. Therefore, many doctors suggested that their patients complete “bleedings and purgings, but most often, doctors simply advised their patients to rest, eat well, and exercise outdoors.” As expected, very few had a complete recovery, and those who recovered had several recurrences of TB (“Early Research and Treatment of Tuberculosis in the 19th Century”).
As time progressed, science advanced and by 1918, the Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine was created. “The vaccine is administered shortly after birth only in infants at high risk of tuberculosis. BCG vaccine produces an immune response that partly protects infants and young children from serious forms of tuberculosis” (Hansen-Flaschen). This vaccine proved to be effective in children at high risk and continues to be one of the only available vaccines for tuberculosis. At this