Chapter 14 Special Populations
1. Define and identify general characteristics of cerebral palsy (CP).
Cerebral palsy is a condition in which permanent disabling symptoms are a result of damage to the motor control areas of the brain. Characteristics of cerebral palsy include abnormal reflex development, seizures, speech and language disorders, sensory impairments, bone growth, and respiratory conditions.
2. There are three neuromotor classifications (types) of CP. Identify the area of the brain affected in each as well as a minimum of three "unique characteristics" of each. Do not use general characteristics as in responses in question #1. For example, individuals with all three types display uncoordinated movement, thus this is NOT unique to any one condition.
If an individual is classified as having spasticity, the individual has suffered motor damage to the motor areas of the cerebellum. Unique characteristics of spasticity include increased muscle tone (hypertonicity only), permanent contractures, and bone deformities. If an individual is classified as having athetosis, the individual has suffered damage to the basal ganglia. Unique characteristics of individuals with athetosis include trouble controlling salivation, facial grimacing, and a protruding tongue. If an individual is classified as having ataxia, the individual has suffered damage to the cerebellum. Unique characteristics of ataxia include abnormal degrees of hypotonicity, involuntary movement of the eyeball, balance difficulties, and a wide-based gait.
3. Identify three "topographical" classifications of CP and explain each.
Monoplegia is a condition in which only one body part is affected. Hemiplegia is a condition in which only one side of the body is affected. Paraplegia is a condition in which both lower limbs are affected.
4. According to the United Cerebral Palsy organization currently there is an estimated _______ thousand children and adults in the US with CP. Of that number it is estimated that _______ percent
Cerebral palsy is a condition in which permanent disabling symptoms are a result of damage to the motor control areas of the brain. Characteristics of cerebral palsy include abnormal reflex development, seizures, speech and language disorders, sensory impairments, bone growth, and respiratory conditions.
2. There are three neuromotor classifications (types) of CP. Identify the area of the brain affected in each as well as a minimum of three "unique characteristics" of each. Do not use general characteristics as in responses in question #1. For example, individuals with all three types display uncoordinated movement, thus this is NOT unique to any one condition.
If an individual is classified as having spasticity, the individual has suffered motor damage to the motor areas of the cerebellum. Unique characteristics of spasticity include increased muscle tone (hypertonicity only), permanent contractures, and bone deformities. If an individual is classified as having athetosis, the individual has suffered damage to the basal ganglia. Unique characteristics of individuals with athetosis include trouble controlling salivation, facial grimacing, and a protruding tongue. If an individual is classified as having ataxia, the individual has suffered damage to the cerebellum. Unique characteristics of ataxia include abnormal degrees of hypotonicity, involuntary movement of the eyeball, balance difficulties, and a wide-based gait.
3. Identify three "topographical" classifications of CP and explain each.
Monoplegia is a condition in which only one body part is affected. Hemiplegia is a condition in which only one side of the body is affected. Paraplegia is a condition in which both lower limbs are affected.
4. According to the United Cerebral Palsy organization currently there is an estimated _______ thousand children and adults in the US with CP. Of that number it is estimated that _______ percent