Preview

Cervical Cancer

Satisfactory Essays
Open Document
Open Document
669 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Cervical Cancer
Research II
Summarized Project Proposal

Title: The Efficacy of Lubi-lubi (Atropa belladonna) Fruit Extract as Anti-neoplastic Agent against Human Papilloma Virus Related Cervical Neoplasms
Problem: Is the Lubi-lubi extract a potent anti-neoplastic agent against HPV related cervical neoplasms?

Specific Problems: 1. What stage in the maturity of the deadly nightshade fruit is most efficient as an anti-neoplastic agent? 2. What concentration of the extract is most efficient against HPV related cervical neoplasms? 3. What are the implications by the study should the crude polysaccharides derived from the product be proven a potent anti-neoplastic agent?

HYPOTHESES:
Is the Lubi-lubi extract a potent anti-neoplastic agent against HPV related cervical neoplasms?

• Null hypothesis

The lubi-lubi (Atropa belladonna) extract is not a potent anti-neoplastic agent against HPV related cervical neoplasms.

• Operational hypothesis The lubi-lubi (Atropa belladonna) extract is a potent anti-neoplastic agent against HPV related cervical neoplasms.

METHODOLOGY
Materials:

1) For extracting the polysaccharide a) Lubi-lubi (Atropa belladonna) fruit in different levels of maturity b) distillation apparatus c) beakers d) petri dish e) refrigerator (for preservation of samples) f) mortar and pestle g) thermometer 2) for preperation and treatment of cancer cells a) sample of blood with HPV related neoplasms, 5ml per sample b) sample of normal blood, 5ml per sample c) centrifuge d) test tubes e) petri dish f) dropper g) refrigerator (for preservation of samples) h) compound microscope

PROCEDURE

1. Collection of Lubi-lubi fruit - The plant to be used naturally grows in the province of Albay so collecting samples would not be hard.
- To be collected are fruits in different levels of maturity: young, half ripe and
Continue Reading
View Writing Issues

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    Mealeuca Products Case Study
    • 797 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Mealeuca Products Case Study

    To prove the effectiveness of all natural products. I plan to answer the questions to the following:…

    • 797 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Hcs/212 Health And Resources Analysis
    • 529 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Hcs/212 Health And Resources Analysis

    virus (HPV) infections that initially causes the cervical cancer. When this cancer is found early, it…

    • 529 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Better Essays

    My Pico Question
    • 1920 Words
    • 7 Pages

    My Pico Question

    Human-papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing has been proposed as an alternative to primary cervical cancer screening using cytological testing. Review of the evidence shows that available data are conflicting for some aspects. The overall goal of the study is to update the performance of HPV DNA as stand-alone testing in primary cervical cancer screening, focusing particularly on the aspects related to the specificity profile of the HPV DNA testing in respect to cytology. We performed a meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Eight articles were included in the meta-analysis. Three outcomes have been investigated: relative detection, relative specificity, and relative positive predictive value (PPV) of HPV DNA testing versus cytology. Overall evaluation of relative detection showed a significantly higher detection of CIN2+ and CIN3+ for HPV DNA testing versus cytology. Meta-analyses that considered all age groups showed a relative specificity that favored the cytology in detecting both CIN2+ and CIN3+ lesions whereas, in the ≥30 years' group, specificity of HPV DNA and cytology tests was similar in detecting both CIN2+ and CIN3+ lesions. Results of the pooled analysis on relative PPV showed a not significantly lower PPV of HPV DNA test over cytology. A main key finding of the study is that in women aged ≥30, has been found an almost overlapping specificity between the two screening tests in detecting CIN2 and above-grade…

    • 1920 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Better Essays
    Read More
  • Powerful Essays

    Cervical Cytological Screening: A Case Study
    • 1651 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Cervical Cytological Screening: A Case Study

    Cervical cytological screening is accomplished by the Papanicolaou (Pap) smear screening test. Since this test was introduced in the 1970s, deaths resulting from cervical cancer have decreased by 71%.12 With this test, the patient is placed in the lithotomy position, and the provider inserts a speculum into the vaginal opening until the cervix and cervical os are visible. Then, the provider takes a cytological sample from the transformation zone of the cervix using a collection brush and spatula. 7, 22 The transformation zone is used because this is the area most vulnerable to cellular changes caused by an HPV infection.12 The specimens are then transferred to either a liquid preparation, ThinPrep being the most common, or directly…

    • 1651 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Cervical Cancer Research Paper
    • 678 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Cervical Cancer Research Paper

    The first type of cervical cancers is squamous cell carcinomas, which form cells in the exocervix. It also the most common form of cervical cancer. Squamous carcinoma makes up approximately 90% of cervical carcinoma cases (Cancer Quest, 2016). The second type develops from gland cells and is called adenocarcinomas, which is formed in the endocervix. According to American Cancer Society, Adenocarcinomas has become more common in the last 20 to 30 years. The third type is adenosquamous carcinomas, which is rare, and it shows both squamous cells and gland cells. Other types of cancer can form in the cervix, but they can also be found in different parts of the body. Some examples would be melanoma, sarcoma, and…

    • 678 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Powerful Essays

    Hpv: Environmental Co-Factors and Prevention in the United States
    • 3017 Words
    • 13 Pages

    Hpv: Environmental Co-Factors and Prevention in the United States

    Cervical cancer is the third leading cause of death from malignancy in women worldwide. CC is multi-causal, and behavioral factors such as sexual practices, smoking, health screening practices and dietary habits all are important determinants of cervical cancer risk. Prevention, thus far, has been limited to Pap testing for abnormal cervical cells caused primarily by HPV, a sexually transmitted disease, which is present in 95% of CC cases. Pap tests have been implemented as a preventative service in most health facilities and Managed Care programs. If changes in cervical cells and HPV infection are identified and dealt with appropriately, CC would become a rare disease. Unfortunately, a significant percentage of the population does not have access to these services due to lack of adequate healthcare coverage, resources and access.…

    • 3017 Words
    • 13 Pages
    Powerful Essays
    Read More
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Cervical Cancer
    • 315 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Cervical Cancer

    A classmate says “I agree” in response to a discussion question posed by the faculty member about leadership. Is this contribution to the discussion substantive or not substantive?…

    • 315 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
    Read More
  • Powerful Essays

    Epidemiology Nur/408
    • 1534 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Epidemiology Nur/408

    Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a ubiquitous human pathogen that causes cervical and other anogenital cancers as well as genital warts…

    • 1534 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
    Read More
  • Powerful Essays

    Critical Analysis of Health Promotion Leaflet
    • 1591 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Critical Analysis of Health Promotion Leaflet

    Appendix 1 is a campaign to educate and raise awareness of the human papilloma virus vaccination, which can reduce the risk of cervical cancer in the future. Appendix 1 is aimed at girl’s aged 16-17. The rational behind choosing the selected Appendix 1 is this area under discussion is very close to my heart, as a family member died from cervical cancer at a young age, and therefore whole heartily welcome and support this campaign for girls to participate in the human papilloma virus vaccination with enthusiasm and passion. The World Health organization (2010) declare that in the UK cervical cancer is the eleventh predominantly common cancer in women, and from the ages of 15-44 is the second most frequent cancer. Cancer research UK (2010) and NHS (2009) both announce that in the UK there were 2828 new cases detected in 2007, also women under the age of thirty five had 702 new cases which were identified.…

    • 1591 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    cervical cancer
    • 623 Words
    • 2 Pages

    cervical cancer

    Cervical cancer is the second common cancer in women. Cervical cancer is a sexually transmitted disease caused by human papillovirus , or also known as HPV. Some people may not experience any cervical cancer symptoms. There are several risk factors that may increase the risk such as having multiple partners. Having sex at an early age may also increase the risk of HPV. Sexual transmitted diseases such as Chlamydia, gonorrhea, and cigarette smoking can also cause cervical cancer. There are treatments available if detected at earlier stages. Two types of screening for cervical cancer are pap test and HPV DNA test. Vaccines can protect against HPV virus that cause the cervical cancer. Cancer of the Cervix is a very invasive cancer that attacks a woman's reproductive system. The cervical canal is a passageway where blood flows from the uterus through the canal into the vagina during a women's menstrual period. During pregnancy, the cervix is tightly closed to help keep the baby inside the uterus. Throughout childbirth, the cervix dilates to allow the baby pass through the vagina (Cancer of the Cervix). The most common form of cancer of the cervix is squamous cell carcinoma and develops from the flat cells, which cover the outer surface of the cervix at the top of the vagina. Another frequent type is adenocarcinoma and expands itself through the glandular cells, which line the cervical canal (Cancer Backup). As a result, cervical cancer is now the second leading death rate among women. Some types of HPV are strongly associated with a high risk of developing cervical cancer. Scientists believe that HPV initiates a process that leads, over time, to the development of cervical cancer; and that other factors, such as cigarette smoking, poor nutrition and infection with the sexually transmitted disease Chlamydia, stimulate and lay the groundwork for cervical cancer.…

    • 623 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Mandatory Human Papilloma Virus
    • 2839 Words
    • 12 Pages

    Mandatory Human Papilloma Virus

    Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is the most commonly sexually transmitted disease in the United States. It is estimated that at least 80% of men and women acquire an HPV infection during their lifetime. “In a recent study of women in the United States 25% of fourteen to nineteen year olds were infected with at least one type of HPV. HPV is often acquired within a few months of sexual initiation, even among people with only one partner”. (Contemporary OB/GYN) Men are the main carriers of this infection but once a woman has been exposed to the infection she is also a carrier of HPV. Once a person has been exposed to this virus they will pass it to every partner they are sexually intimate with in their life time. Until recently it was believed that the most dangerous consequences of this virus were cervical and vaginal cancers in women. Recently it was discovered that HPV also causes cancers of the anus, penis, mouth and throat. The study included 1,100 men, ages 18 to 70. They were from the United States, Brazil and Mexico. All were tested for HPV when they enrolled in the study. Half the men were infected, the author told Reuters Health news service. They also were tested every six months for another 2 to 3 years. Researchers found that 6% of the men became newly infected each year with HPV Type 16. (Harvard) The HPV vaccination protects against the four most commonly found strains of HPV. There are two low risk and two high risk strains that are most commonly found. Type 6 and 11 are low risk strains of the virus and cause genital warts. Type 16 and 18 are high risk strains and cause cellular changes that can become cancers. HPV is the only sexually transmitted infection (STI) that can cause cancer in both men and women and it is estimated that eighty percent of the population has HPV whether or not they know it. Anyone who has had…

    • 2839 Words
    • 12 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Crvical Cancer Research Papers
    • 420 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Crvical Cancer Research Papers

    The human papillomavirus is a known cause of cervical cancer and is transmitted through sexual contact. However the vaccine, Gardasil, can prevent HPV and is recommended for both males and females ages 9 to 26.…

    • 420 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Cervical Cancer
    • 814 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Cervical Cancer

    We live in a world where we have many diseases that women have to battle. The third most deadly one that women can face is cervical cancer. In 2012, more than 12,000 women in the United States will be diagnosed with invasive cervical cancer. Most will be younger than 55. (NCI-The national Cancer Institution-website) This is so hard to detect and almost never caught early. It has risk factors like every other disease. There is ways for us to help prevent cervical cancer.…

    • 814 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Better Essays

    Cancer Research Project
    • 1016 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Cancer Research Project

    Cervical cancer is caused by malignant (cancerous) tumours in the cervix. It is the second most common cancer found in women all over the world, and is the third leading killer. The human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is responsible for over 90% of cervical cancers (and is known to be responsible for multiple other types of cancer). Further research has shown that in nearly all cases, a patient must be infected with HPV to develop cervical cancer, and so cervical cancer is viewed by the medical society as a sexually transmitted disease, though the virus can be contracted by simple…

    • 1016 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
    Read More
  • Better Essays

    HPV research paper
    • 1303 Words
    • 6 Pages

    HPV research paper

    Human Papillomavirus is a sexually transmitted disease that infects over twenty million Americans each year (Vanslyke, Baum, Plaza, Otero, Wheeler, Helizter, 2008, P. 584). Many of these people do not realize that they are infected because they do not show any symptoms. Even though HPV has been talked about for decades, it is only until recent years that the topic has become part of mainstream women’s health issues. Not only that, many of these people are women who do not understand the importance of testing for HPV. HPV is one of the leading causes of cervical cancer among women.…

    • 1303 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
    Read More

Related Topics