Preview

Brendan Dassey And Daryl Atkins Case Study

Powerful Essays
Open Document
Open Document
1558 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Brendan Dassey And Daryl Atkins Case Study
Brendan Dassey and Daryl Atkins: Two Court Cases Pertaining to Psychology
The cases of Brendan Dassey and Daryl Atkins demonstrate the roles of forensic psychologists in the court of law. Notably, the case of Brendan Dassey illustrates how a teen who had intellectual deficits was coerced into a confession (Nirider, Tepfer, & Drizin, 2012). Moreover, the case of Daryl Atkins exhibits an individual who was intellectually disabled and sentenced to death. Both these cases demonstrate some of the roles that forensic psychologists may play in police interrogations and court. In the case of Dassey, eyewitness identification procedures conducted by police were questionable and led to a false confession. Similarly, in Atkin’s case, the question of whether
…show more content…
Atkins, an intellectually disabled individual, was sentenced to death for these crimes during his trial in Virginia. The defense relied on one expert witness, Dr. Evan Nelson, a forensic psychologist. Nelson evaluated Atkins and discovered that he had an IQ of 59 (Heilbronner, 2011). A score of 59, is considered mentally disabled. This meant that he was not able to fully reason and lacked the perspective and judgment he needed to understand the nature of the death penalty and why it was imposed (Fulero & Wrightsman, 2009). Shortly after, the Virginia Supreme court ordered a second hearing for Atkins because the first trial had used a misleading verdict. During the hearing at the Supreme Court, the state of Virginia presented an expert witness, Dr. Stanton Samenow, a psychologist. According to Samenow, Atkins was not mentally disabled (Heilbronner, 2011). Samenow believed that Atkins had an average level of intelligence that allowed him to understand the death penalty. Dr. Samenow also stated that Atkins was diagnosable for antisocial personality disorder (Heilbronner, 2011). This opinion did not sit well with the justices. In fact, many of the justices in this case dissented and stated that the execution of a mentally disabled individual, was not only prohibited by the eighth amendment, but it would not advance the deterrent purpose of the death penalty. In the end, Atkins was sentenced to life in prison rather than execution (Heibronner,

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    The court previously establish that the death penalty was inappropriate for the crime of rape in Coker v. Georgia, 433 U.S. 584 (1977), or for those convicted of felony murder who neither themselves killed, attempted to kill, or intended to kill in Enmund v. Florida, 458 U.S. 782 (1982). The Court found that the Eighth Amendment forbids the imposition of the death penalty in these cases because legislatures had recently addressed the matter have rejected the death penalty for these offenders. Moreover, the Court defer the judgments of those bodies. The court ruled 6-3 that executing mentally retarded individuals violates the Eighth Amendment's ban on cruel and unusual punishments, but states can define who is mentally…

    • 844 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Pam Fodrill Case Study

    • 1890 Words
    • 8 Pages

    The popular television show, CSI: Crime Scene Investigations has been on the air for 12 years, and it has brought forth the behind-the-scenes actions of criminal investigations, even if its portrayals are not always scientifically accurate. This has caused an interest in the forensic sciences that has led most people to a skewed view of how a criminal investigation actually works. The reality of a criminal investigation is that it is generally more tedious and difficult than the theory of criminal investigation would have you believe. By examining the forensic and investigative procedures of the case of Pamela Foddrill, it is apparent that the theory of criminal investigation was not representative of the procedures concerning examination of the body, but that it was demonstrative of much of the investigatory steps taken by police, like search warrants. On August 18th, 1995, 44-year-old Pamela Foddrill disappeared from the town of Linton, Indiana. Pamela went to buy some groceries at the local IGA and was abducted: her body was found wrapped in a sleeping bag near Russellville, Illinois four months later. Roughly four years later, five individuals were held responsible for their part in the abduction, rape, and murder of Pamela Foddrill: Roger Long, John Redman, Jerry Russell Sr., Wanda Hubbell, and Plynia Fowler. Long, Redman, and Russell are serving life sentences, while Fowler pled out to 14 years and Hubbell pled out to 20 years of incarceration.…

    • 1890 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Christopher Simmons was convicted and sentenced to death for capital crimes he committed when he was 17 years old. At the time of his conviction the Court’s ruling in Stanford v. Kentucky held that the 8th Amendment did not proscribe juvenile between the ages of 16 and 18 from being sentenced to death. In 2002 the Supreme Court ruling in the Atkins v. Virginia barred the use of the death penalty on mentally retarded offenders due to “evolving standards of decency” which put them in a class that is “categorically less culpable than the average criminal. In response to the above ruling, Simmons petitioned for postconviction relief on the basis that the reasoning in the Atkins decision applies to minors. His petition was heard by the…

    • 1050 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Customessaymeister.com (2013) Forensic Psychology research paper, Psychology essay, term paper. [online] Available at: http://www.customessaymeister.com/customessays/Psychology/16303.htm [Accessed: 15 Feb 2013].…

    • 1125 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    In the Steven Stienberg case, (Scottsdale, Arizona, 1981) Steven was accused of murdering his wife with a kitchen knife. Mrs. Stienberg was stabbed 26 times. Mr. Stienberg told police that intruders had killed her during a burglary gone awry. In 1982, in the Maricopa County Superior Court, Steven testified that he acknowledged the murder, but that he did it while sleepwalking, couldn’t remember the crime, and therefore, was not guilty. His story changed dramatically from what he originally told police, which raised doubt on the prosecutor’s side.…

    • 1592 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Similar cases to the Hall v. Florida case include Atkins v. Virginia, Penry v. Lynaugh, and Hitchcock v. Dugger. In the Atkins v. Virginia case Deryl Atkins confessed to the murder of Eric Nesbitt. Atkins was tried and found guilty, and was placed on Death Row. However, a series of IQ tests deemed him mentally retarded, with an IQ of 59. His Death Row sentence was appealed, because it violated the 8th amendment of cruel and unusual punishment. Because of his low IQ score, despite the fact that he was considered fairly intelligent, his could not be sentenced to death. This idea is the same within the Hall v. Florida case. Many states such as Georgia followed this idea that sentencing mentally challenged criminals to death is unconstitutional. In the Penry v. Lynaugh case, Penry was tried, convicted and placed on death row. The court in Texas did not consider his mental retardation a mitigating factor in sentencing him to Death Row. When he was tried for a second time, he was again placed on Death Row. Eventually the Atkins v. Virginia case caused the court to end his death sentence, after proving his sentence a violation of the 8th Amendment. Lastly, in the Hitchcock v. Dugger case, the Supreme Court upheld that the 8th Amendment is in fact constitutional. It was a 9-0 decision to have Hitchcock placed on Death Row, and that all mitigating factors should be considered instead of solely the relevant statutes.…

    • 371 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    The American court system sometimes calls on forensic psychologists to determine the fitness of a defendant to stand trial. This paper specifically looks at the defendant amnesia as criteria for determining competency. Specifically, the author first investigates the psychological standards for determining competency and conducts a literature review of relevant research that may guide the forensic psychologist in making a determination. Next, the paper examines the legal standards for determining competency, including established precedents. The author lives in Indiana, so that state 's statutes as well as federal standards are discussed. The paper then discusses whether the professional standard and the legal standard are compatible and finally outlines the role of the forensic psychologist in the competency hearing process.…

    • 2578 Words
    • 11 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Better Essays

    Penry V. Lynaugh Decision

    • 2880 Words
    • 12 Pages

    People with mental retardation are at a higher risk of wrongful convictions and death sentences. They may be more likely to falsely confess to a crime because they want to please the authorities that are investigating the crime. They are less able than others to work with their lawyers to help to prepare their defense. Because of the stigma attached to mental retardation, people with this disability often become adept at hiding it, even from their lawyer, not understanding the importance of this information…

    • 2880 Words
    • 12 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Better Essays

    Hillside Strangler

    • 1293 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Detection of malingering of psychiatric disorder with the Personality Assesment Inventory: An investigation of criminal defendants. Journal of Personality Assesment, 88(1), 2532.…

    • 1293 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Insanity as a Defense Views

    • 2905 Words
    • 12 Pages

    Insanity defense in murder trials has been a heated debate for years. Many people feel wronged when a killer does not receive equal justice. We believe a student’s view on insanity defense can be dependent on at least three independent variables: political affiliation, number of sociology or psychology classes taken, and their hometown population.…

    • 2905 Words
    • 12 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    They found that the use of the maximization and minimization technique compromises the interrogation process and increases the likelihood of eliciting a false confession (Russano, et al., 2005) This support the argument that using false evidence against innocent people causes them to internalize the blame for the act which increases their risk to confess (Kostelnik, & Reppucci, 2009). The study also found that a disproportionate number of juveniles are convicted based on false confessions (Kostelnik, & Reppucci, 2009). The interrogation process is the same for both juvenile and adult offenders as they are questioned using the same manipulative and coercive method (Kostelnik, & Reppucci, 2009). However, it is important to understand that juvenile offender’s psychological maturity is significantly less when compared to adults (Kostelnik, & Reppucci, 2009). As a result, the argument was made that juvenile delinquents should be provided with “special protections during interrogation”; however, the courts ruled against this notion (Kostelnik, & Reppucci, 2009). Furthermore, investigators are aware of juvenile offender’s developmental vulnerability, but they fail to take that into account when using the Reid technique in interrogations (Kostelnik, & Reppucci, 2009). The Reid technique is tailored specifically to adult suspects, but it is used as a…

    • 1927 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Psychopathy In Psychology

    • 1088 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Psychopathy is a personality disorder, mainly characterized by a lack of remorse or empathy, and is highly associated with antisocial behavior alongside other symptoms (Pozzulo, 301). Research shows that psychopathy can develop during childhood and adolescence (Pozzulo, 314). Psychologists are able to present to court the most probable criminal behavior of an young offender, as well as how specific models of psychopathy should be addressed, and how the offender should be punished including specific aspect of the sentence. However, psychologists’ expert testimonies labeling an offender as psychopath can lead to biased jurors’ sentences. Moreover, psychology is far from a perfect science and therefore contains many contradictions on psychopathy…

    • 1088 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Best Essays

    This document will include the distinction amongst criminologists, criminalists and forensic psychologists as well as their individual areas of study. There will also be examples discussed of when each would be utilized. This document will also discuss any misconceptions that may occur in regards to these fields along with examples of the different misconceptions. Society has labeled the different crimes that occur and they are white-collar and blue-collar crimes and there will be a discussion about the difference between these two different crimes. There will also be a discussion on the various crimes that are calculated by the Federal Bureau of Investigation also known as the FBI in the Uniform Crime Reports. The media typically concentrates on either the white-collar or blue-collar crimes more heavily than the other and that will also be discussed along with an example of what type of crime is placed in these two categories. There are differences between an index-one crime and an index-two crime as calculated in the Uniform Crime Reports of the FBI and these differences will be addressed in this document. Finally, there will also be a discussion on which index-one crimes would be categorized as violent crimes as well as what property crimes would be classified as.…

    • 2814 Words
    • 12 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Better Essays

    To determine the mental status and competency of an individual, one must spend time to question and study the person, definitely spend more than 10 minutes with the patient. Many laws have been established and put into place to protect the young, the old, the innocent and the mentally ill. Trial competence is different from being criminally responsible for your actions. Trial competence refers to the current ability of the defendant to understand and participate in the trial process. The United States Constitution states that a person accused of a crime must be given the opportunity to appear and be present at his trial as well as to face their accuser. The physical presence of oneself is not sufficient or acceptable to be tried in court, a defendant must be mentally present as well. Specific criteria’s vary from state to state and federal jurisdiction but is all similar in the fact that if a defendant does not understand the charges being brought against himself, the proceedings that are taking place, or the ultimate outcomes of the trial, than he will not be able to reasonable assist in his own defense, in which he will be considered to be incompetent to stand trial.…

    • 1467 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Best Essays

    The criminal justice system ignores the mentally ill, and by not treating them differently, causes more crime and discomfort for the citizens of the United States. The term mentally ill is defined by “any of various psychiatric disorders or diseases, usually characterized by impairment of thought, mood, or behavior” (mental illness). Although there are many disorders and diseases that can fit into this definition, schizophrenia is the most significant. The focus then should be on people who have schizophrenia since “schizophrenia is the most persistent and disabling of the major mental illnesses” (World fellowship). What makes schizophrenics individuals in more need of being targeted by the criminal justice system than others is the symptom anosognosia. Anosognosia is when a person does not believe they are ill, therefore, to their understanding, any medication, especially if there is a side effect, is unnecessary (Anosognia- Fast Facts). A patient with depression can understand they need to take the medication the doctor prescribed to get better, a patient with schizophrenia and anosognia will not be able to connect that logic. Without the medication to control mental diseases, people with mental illnesses are more prone to enter the criminal justice system and use up resources. It is the criminal justice system’s duty to protect citizens while not wasting resources and when “schizophrenia is a chronic, sever, and disabling brain disorder that affects about 1.1 percent of the United States population,” action needs to be taken to minimize damage according to the National Institute of Mental Health 2010 (Schizophrenia Facts and Statistics). The problem will not go away on its own, and when ignored, tragedy happens.…

    • 3544 Words
    • 15 Pages
    Best Essays