BREAST CANCER
Breast cancer starts in the breast tissue but in some rare cases it has been found in other areas of the breast, the 2 main types are known as Ductal carcinoma & lobular carcinoma.
Breast cancer is described as invasive meaning the cancer has spread to surrounding tissue in the breast & non invasive meaning it has not yet spread to surrounding tissue.
Many cancers are sensitive to the hormone estrogen causing it to grow and become more aggressive, cancers sensitive to these hormones have an estrogen receptor on the surface of their cell.
There are some Risk factors that cannot be changed & increase your chance of developing breast cancer.
UNCHANGEABLE RISKS
Family history of breast cancer
Age and gender
Certain genes
Early menstrual cycle
Onset of menopause after 55
Childbirth after 35
Women who took DES
Women who take HRT
Radiation therapy
Some symptoms include a lump in the breast or the arm pit, a change in shape and size of the breast or fluid coming from the nipple. More aggressive cancer symptoms include bone pain, breast pain, skin ulcers, swelling of one arm and weight loss.
Breast cancer treatment depends on the stage of cancer and the type of cancer, the most common ones used are chemotherapy, radiation therapy and a mastectomy or lumpectomy. Most women are given a number of different treatments before the right one is found.
Breast cancer is one of the deadliest cancers apart from lung cancer, studies have shown that breast cancer affects every 1 in 8 women at some point in their life. Its yet to be proven why some women suffer with the deadly tumours while others are never affected.
There are some known risk unchangeable risk factors these are:
Age- as women age their risks are greater
Genes- there is 2 genes that are known BRCA1 & BRCA2
Personal factors- menstruating before 12 years and going through menopause after 55 years
There are 5 other risk factors that can be changed to prevent the risks of getting breast cancer & these are being overweight, using the HRT, the use of birth control pills, drinking alcohol and having a baby after 35 years.
Breast cancer symptoms include finding a lump in the breast, a noticeable change is shape and size of the breast and discharge coming from one of the nipples.
Self exams and regular mammograms can help find the cancer in its earliest stage when it is more treatable.
Some of the treatment used to get rid of the cancer may include a mastectomy, lumpectomy, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy or hormone therapy.
REFRENCES
FOR PAGE 2
‘Breast cancer’ U.S. National library of medicine, national institutes of health, retrieved from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000913.htm, accessed 19 January 2012
FOR PAGE 3
‘Breast cancer’ U.S. National library of medicine, national institutes of health, retrieved from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/breastcancer.html, accessed 22 January 2012
You May Also Find These Documents Helpful
-
Metastases in clinically detected internal mammary nodes in the absence of axillary lymph node metastases.…
- 1058 Words
- 5 Pages
Good Essays -
There are a number of factors which contribute to the chances of an individual getting a disease, and there are different risk factors for differences. Breast cancer is no different. There are factors such as gender or race which cannot be changed. The other risk factors are behavioral choices such as smoking or diet and physical activities.…
- 1574 Words
- 5 Pages
Powerful Essays -
About 1 in 8 U.S. women (just under 12%) will develop invasive breast cancer over the course of her lifetime. In 2011, an estimated 230,480 new cases of invasive breast cancer were expected to be diagnosed in women in the U.S., along with 57,650 new cases of non-invasive breast cancer (U.S. Breast Cancer Statistics, 2012). According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), 210,203 women in the United States were diagnosed with breast cancer in 2008, and 40,589 women in the…
- 3967 Words
- 16 Pages
Best Essays -
Some people do Radiotherapy: cancer treatment with radiotherapy including external radiotherapy, internal radiotherapy, side effects, radiotherapy for symptoms, and follow up after treatment. Chemotherapy. Hormone therapy: hormone therapy for cancer is the use of medicines to block the effects of hormones. It does not work for all types of cancer. Doctors use hormone therapy for people with cancers that are hormone sensitive or hormone dependent. Biological therapy: They may, stop cancer cells from dividing and growing, seek out cancer cells and kill them, encourage the immune system to attack cancer cells. Bisphosphonates: doesn’t cause too many side effects, If you have side effects they tend to be mild, Everyone reacts differently to drugs and you may have one or more of the side effects. Bone marrow or stem cell transplants: are used to treat some types of leukemia or lymphoma, and myeloma. They are sometimes called bone marrow rescue or stem cell rescue or intensive treatments.…
- 494 Words
- 2 Pages
Good Essays -
First of all, there are two main types of breast cancer invasive, and non-invasive, which means if the cancer is only in your breast or spreading out to other body parts. The first type is Ductal Carcinoma which is a non-invasive breast cancer where abnormal cells have been contained in the lining of the breast milk duct. The second type is Invasive Ductal Carcinoma which means that abnormal cells that originated in the lining of the breast milk duct have invaded surrounding tissue. The third type is Triple Negative Breast cancer which means that the cells in the tumor are negative for progesterone, estrogen, and HER2/neu receptors. The fourth type is Inflammatory Breast Cancer which is a less common form of breast cancer that may not develop a tumor and often affects the skin. The fifth type is Metastatic Breast Cancer which is cancer that has spread beyond the breast, sometimes into the lungs, bones, or brain. The sixth type is breast cancer during pregnancy; women who are diagnosed with breast cancer during pregnancy may face tremendous additional strain due to concern for the safety of the unborn child. There are also other types that are less common which include Medullary Carcinoma, Tubular Carcinoma, and Mucinous Carcinoma.…
- 751 Words
- 4 Pages
Good Essays -
Finding out that you have any type of cancer will change your life and wonder how and why it happens to them. Even after many years and billions of dollars of research, we still don't know exactly what causes cancer. But we do know how to identify people who are at higher risk of developing specific cancers. A well-known cancer that majority women get but also men can get as well is breast cancer. Breast cancer is a cancer that starts in the tissues of the breast. Everyone has a risk factor; a risk factor is anything that affects your chances of getting a particular disease. They are risk factors that you cannot change and those are: age, gender, family history of breast cancer, genes, and menstrual cycle.…
- 711 Words
- 3 Pages
Good Essays -
Breast cancer was a deadly disease in the early nineteenth century killing most of the people diagnosed. Just as many died from infections from non sterile environments and carless precautions. To this day breast cancer is still a deadly disease, victimizing more than 50,000 a year, and taking the life of almost 40% of those women. However, the chance of survival has drastically increased. New surgical procedures have been developed such as; lumpectomy, mastectomy, and lymph node removal along with radiation and chemotherapy. Surgeries are now performed in total sterile environments and they now use…
- 469 Words
- 2 Pages
Good Essays -
Angiogenesis is a physiological process of developing new blood vessels. This normal process is not only supplying the normal cells but also nourishes the cancer cells. Small cancers are unable to develop new blood vessels, however larger cancers can. The process of invasion occurs between the beginning of the event and development of obvious tumor, some mutated cells die while others reproduce. The tumor at this point continues to grow and reproduce. Breasts tissue is very vascular and very close located to lymph nodes. Cells break off from the original tumor and travel through the lymphatic system and blood stream, to the other organs where they produce secondary tumors.…
- 989 Words
- 4 Pages
Good Essays -
But what exactly is breast cancer? The cancer itself begins when cells begin to grow out of control. Breast cancer is however a malignant tumor that starts in the cells of the breast. This disease will generally occur in women, but it can also occur in men. Many people know with breast cancer comes treatment. The treatment will depend of the severity of the cancer. A very common form of treatment is radiation therapy. Tissue expansion is also common. (Breast cancer)…
- 1047 Words
- 5 Pages
Better Essays -
Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the second leading cause of death among women in the United States. More than 211, 000 U.S. women were diagnosed with breast cancer in 2005, and at least 40, 400 women died as a result of the disease (MacDonald, Sarna, Uman, Grant, & Weitzel, 2006). Breast cancer crosses all demographic lines, affecting women of all ages, races, ethnic groups, socioeconomic strata and geographic locales. Breast cancer…
- 1377 Words
- 6 Pages
Good Essays -
I. Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that starts from cells of the breast. A malignant tumor is a group of cancer cells that may grow into (invade) surrounding tissues or spread (metastasize) to distant areas of the body. The disease occurs almost entirely in women, but men can get it too. (cancer.org)…
- 479 Words
- 2 Pages
Satisfactory Essays -
“Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide and afflicts two of every three families.” (Zelman, M., Holdaway, P., Tompary, E., Raymond, J. & Mulvihill, M.L., 2010). Breast cancer is the most frequent diagnosed cancer in women. More than one million cases occur worldwide annually (Zelman, M., Holdaway, P., Tompary, E., Raymond, J. & Mulvihill, M.L., 2010). When it comes to breast cancer there are many areas that you should look at to understand, and be aware of. The areas are to know the cause and risk factors, prevention and detection, the effects on your health, and lastly your treatment options. We will cover each of these areas throughout this essay.…
- 1496 Words
- 6 Pages
Good Essays -
Hazardous factors for breast cancer incorporate being a woman and getting more aged. Females with a family history of breast, ovarian, melanoma, or pancreatic tumor might be at expanded hazard—particularly females with a relative…
- 492 Words
- 2 Pages
Good Essays -
Breast cancer is when cells in your breast multiply too quickly and create a tumor. Breast cancer is usually more common in women than men. Breast cancer is very common in women over the age of 60. Women over the age of 40 are recommended to get mammograms every year to detect cancer. A breast cancer cell is basically a type of cell in your breast that is reproducing too rapidly. The cause of breast cancer is still unknown, but scientists have discovered that breast cancer is more common in people who have family that have had breast cancer.…
- 460 Words
- 2 Pages
Good Essays -
are many different types of breast cancer surgery, they all fit into a few basic…
- 1338 Words
- 6 Pages
Better Essays