Ap Psychology Frq

2008 Psych FRQ

1. A) • One of the findings from Ainsworth’s attachment research was that children’s responses can fall into two categories: secure or insecure attachment. Securely attached children felt close to their mothers, safe, and more willing to explore or tolerate a novel experience, while insecurely attached children were more likely to react to the situation either with anxiety and ambivalence or with avoidance. • One of the findings from Baumrind’s research on parenting styles was that throughout families all over the world, there are four distinct parenting styles. These parenting styles are: Authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, and uninvolved. • One of the findings from Harry Harlow’s
1/3 of the babies died at an early age, and also the majority was physically, mentally, and socially retarded due to the lack of love. B) • The Smith-Garcias should know that children become attached to their caregivers, and parents also become attached to their children. But although there is such a strong attachment pattern in infancy, the Smith-Garcias should know that they cannot ‘baby’ their child too extremely because attachment problems can later lead to problems with social relationships. The child cannot be depended on the parents for too long so he or she can gain a sense of self-reliance. • The Smith-Garcias should know that a child having self-esteem is an important part of their child’s development. In order for the Smith-Garcias child to have a good self-esteem, they must lean towards the authoritative parenting style which is warm, attentive and sensitive to the child’s needs and interests. This would then create a child to be confident (self-esteem), self-reliant, enthusiastic, happier, less troublesome, and more
The Smith-Garcias must touch, talk and love their baby a great deal to ensure a healthy physical, mental and social life for their child. 2. A) • The control group in the experiment would be the participants who were not exposed to peer pressure when everyone gave correct answers. The control group did not feel pressured to give an incorrect answer just because the group did. • Deception is seen in this experiment because the person being tested on conformity would’ve doubted the seriousness of the others in the study if the other participants hadn’t sounded confident in their answers. On the other hand, deception can be seen when a participant being tested says an incorrect answer just to go along with the group; the participant may say it with a peculiar tone of voice or hesitate. • The dependent variable in this study was the outcome that when a participant was put in front of a group, they were less accurate in their measurements of the line length and was more likely to conform that when a participant is unable to hear what the rest of the groups answers