Review for Essay Tests
AP Biology Essay Questions
UNIT 1
1. The unique properties (characteristics) of water make life possible on Earth. Select three properties of water and: a. for each property, identify and define the property and explain it in terms of the physical/chemical nature of water. b. for each property, describe one example of how the property affects the functioning of living organisms.
UNIT 2 Describe the chemical composition and configuration of enzymes and discuss the factors that modify enzyme structure and/or function. An enzyme is a complex protein containing one or more polypeptide chains. Enzymes form the globular shape crucial for enzyme-substrate interactions. The active site of the enzyme is the portion of the enzyme that fits over the molecule. The substrate fits into the active site to form the enzyme-substrate complex. The factors that modify enzyme structure and/or function include temperature and substrate concentration. The substrate concentration can modify the enzyme because the reaction is dependent on the concentration of the enzyme, substrate, and product. If there is an abundance of substrate and a subsequent lack of product, the reaction will form more product, and vice versa with more substrate being formed in an abundance of product. The temperature modifies the enzyme’s structure and/or function because if the temp increases, the rate of reaction increase, and if it decreases so does the rate of reaction.
UNIT 3
A laboratory assistant prepared solution of 0.8 M, 0.6 M, 0.4 M, and 0.2 M sucrose, but forgot to label them. After realizing the error, the assistant randomly labeled the flasks containing these four unknown solutions as flask A, flask B, flask C, and flask D.
Design an experiment, based on the principles of diffusion and osmosis,that the assistant could use to determine which of the flasks contains each of the four unknown solutions. Include in your answer (a) a description of how you would set up and perform
UNIT 1
1. The unique properties (characteristics) of water make life possible on Earth. Select three properties of water and: a. for each property, identify and define the property and explain it in terms of the physical/chemical nature of water. b. for each property, describe one example of how the property affects the functioning of living organisms.
UNIT 2 Describe the chemical composition and configuration of enzymes and discuss the factors that modify enzyme structure and/or function. An enzyme is a complex protein containing one or more polypeptide chains. Enzymes form the globular shape crucial for enzyme-substrate interactions. The active site of the enzyme is the portion of the enzyme that fits over the molecule. The substrate fits into the active site to form the enzyme-substrate complex. The factors that modify enzyme structure and/or function include temperature and substrate concentration. The substrate concentration can modify the enzyme because the reaction is dependent on the concentration of the enzyme, substrate, and product. If there is an abundance of substrate and a subsequent lack of product, the reaction will form more product, and vice versa with more substrate being formed in an abundance of product. The temperature modifies the enzyme’s structure and/or function because if the temp increases, the rate of reaction increase, and if it decreases so does the rate of reaction.
UNIT 3
A laboratory assistant prepared solution of 0.8 M, 0.6 M, 0.4 M, and 0.2 M sucrose, but forgot to label them. After realizing the error, the assistant randomly labeled the flasks containing these four unknown solutions as flask A, flask B, flask C, and flask D.
Design an experiment, based on the principles of diffusion and osmosis,that the assistant could use to determine which of the flasks contains each of the four unknown solutions. Include in your answer (a) a description of how you would set up and perform