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European Exploration

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European Exploration
Looking Outward
The Canary Islands- Spaniards’ dress rehearsal for colonization
Christoper Columbus (1451-1502)- Tried getting to the subcontinent of India for resources by sailing straight across the Atlantic
Rejected by Portugal three separate times (1484)
The Nina, Pinta, and Santa Maria (1492)- Ended up somewhere in the Carribean
Fucked shit up, killing people and stuff and it wasn’t even India
Returned to Carribean many times, died clueless and poor
Some people think he sucks

New World Rivalry- Portugal and Spain
Portugal wanted in on this, went to Pope (Vatican) for mediation on conflict
The Treaty of Tordesillas (Pope Alexander VI 1494)- Spain had west half of S. America, Portugal had east

The Conquest of Mexico
In June 1519 Hernando Cortes began hearing rumors of vast wealth, him and his men set out west, ended up in what is now Veracruz
Governor Vasquez of Cuba actually revoked permission right before because he thought Cortes would keep all the weath for himself (he was right)
First encountered Tlaxcalans
In November of 1519, Tlaxcalans led Aztecs to Tenochtitlan (now Mexico City)
Quetzalcoatl (serpent feather god) supposedly to return in 1519, maybe Cortes is this guy
Vasquez sent men to get Cortes, Cortes sent men to battle, won against Panfilo de Narvaez (April 1520)
Cortes’s man Pedro de Alvarado waited in crowd of Aztecs during big celebration and started killing people (Massacre)
Noche Triste (June 30-July 1, 1520)
Siege of Tenochtitlan
Conquest of Mexico (August 13, 1521)- Aztecs weakened by measles, Spanish started colonizing Mexico

The Development of New Spain
The Ecomienda System- Planters would enslave American Indians to work on plantations
Organized around Catholicism- became the dominant religion
1. Peninsulares- died off
2. Criollos
3. Mezstizos (mixed race)
4. Natives- died off or became part of Mezstizos

The French
French Explorations centered around finding Northwest Passage (a waterway that ran
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