Gram Staining Introduction Prokaryotes are a large group of organisms with no membrane bound organelles. They consist of two domains: Archaea and Bacteria. These organisms are only found in extreme environments such as volcanoes. Prokaryotes are still being researched and are a very diverse group. In this lab we focused on trying to identify if the bacteria found had a lot of peptidoglycan by gram staining. Testing this could be done by using a Petri dish full of agar and testing different bacteria
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Introduction: The gram stain is one of several laboratory procedures that can be used to narrow down the identities of unknown bacteria. Bacteria have three different shapes; cocci‚ bacilli‚ and spirilla. Since bacteria pretty much have the same reflective index as water‚ a bacteria cell must be dyed so that these shapes can be seen. Materials: Petri dish Dropper Cleansing solution Slides Bibulous paper Inoculation loop Crystal violet dye‚ Iodine Acetone Safranin Water from the sink
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Acetylsalicylic Acid September 15‚ 2005 September 23‚ 2005 OBJECTIVES The objective of this lab experiment is to prepare aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) by reacting salicylic acid and acetic anhydride. INTRODUCTION This purpose of this lab was to prepare aspirin using its basic components: salicylic acid and acetic anhydride. Salicylic acid and acetic anhydride‚ along with an acid catalyst‚ react to form acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) and acetic acid. In this reaction‚ the hydroxyl group
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Also known as: ethanoic acid‚ Glacial acetic acid‚ Ethylic acid‚ Vinegar acid‚ Acetic acid‚ glacial‚ Methanecarboxylic acid‚ Acetasol‚ Essigsaeure Molecular Formula: C2H4O2 Molecular Weight: 60.05196 Acetic acid is a weak acid which is probably most famous for being the primary acid in vinegar. In fact‚ acetic acid has a wide range of uses beyond sprinkling on salads‚ and it is produced in large volumes all over the world. People have been working with this acid in a number of contexts for
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Acid Base Titration bre’ana March 1‚ 2013 Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to determine the concentration of a solution of NaOH by titration with a standard solution of HCl. It was also the purpose to determine the concentration of a sample of white vinegar by titration with a standard solution of NaOH. Introduction: Using the method of titration is how the experiment gets to the conclusion of the concentration of a solution. When doing this experiment‚ measurement is very important
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T-φ gram Determination of Unreported Meteorological Quantities from T-φ gram 1. Mixing Ratio (W):- It is the ratio of the mass of water vapour to the mass of dry air containing the vapours at a certain temperature. It is expressed in gm/kg. On T-φ gram from dew point temperature we follow isohygric doted green line and read the value at the base. (It can be calculated at all levels where dew point temperature is available). 2. Saturation Mixing Ratio (Ws) :- Mixing ratio at
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a liquid ketone which was distilled or boiled to find the boiling point and then identified using a chart of unknown identities and boiling points. The oxidation of the unknown alcohol was done through the mixing of the unknown alcohol‚ glacial acetic acid‚ and bleach. Through the procedure of oxidation over a period of two lab days‚
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analyze aspirin from salicylic acid and acetic anhydride‚ and calculate the percent yield of the synthesized aspirin. • Materials and Methods: This experiment called for the synthesis of acetylsalicylic acid‚ or aspirin‚ by using salicylic acid‚ acetic anhydride‚ sulfuric acid‚ and vacuum filtration. The salicylic acid and the acetic anhydride were mixed in a flask. Sulfuric acid was used as a catalyst to speed up the decomposition rate of salicylic acid. Vacuum filtration as then used to remove
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Safety Precautions for Synthesis of Acetic Anhydride Acetic Anhydride Acetic anhydride is an irritant and also flammable‚ therefore gloves and goggles should be worn at all times during the experiment. It is reactive to water‚ so in the case of fire‚ alcohol foam or carbon dioxide is preferred to use as an extinguisher. This chemical has harmful fumes and use of a fume hood is strongly recommended. Sulphuric and Salicylic Acid These acids may irritate the skin in high concentrations. Take
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of acetylsalicylic acid Results and Data treatment (A) Preparation of aspirin i) Details about the reactants Reaction of the acetylation of salicylic acid is following From the balanced reaction above‚ it can be seen that the stoichiometry between salicylic acid and acetic anhydride is 1: 1. In this experiment‚ 21.7mmol of salicylic acid was used to react 6.0mL of acetic anhydride and salicylic acid was limiting reagent. The expected amount of salicylic acid used: 21.7/1000*138.12=2
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