specifications are desired. The initial step of metallurgy should be to create aluminium oxide. In alumina oxide production with sintering process‚ we need to first create the raw materials compounded by bauxite‚ limestone and alkali into clinker. The sintering process is completed within the vertical roller mill whose inner temperature is 1300℃. The final phase of aluminium oxide manufacturing is to roast aluminum hydroxide into alumina oxide. The inner temperature is about 1200～1250℃. There really are a good
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Resistance Aluminium naturally generates a protective oxide coating and is highly corrosion resistant. Different types of surface treatment such as anodizing‚ painting etc. can further improve this property Electrical and Thermal Conductivity Aluminium is an excellent heat and electricity. This has made aluminum the most commonly used material in major power transmission lines. Reflectivity Aluminium is a good reflector of visible light‚ which
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EFFECTS OF CORROSION • ELECTROCHEMICAL EFFECTS • FACTORS AFFECTING CORROSION • THE RUSTING OF IRON • IDENTIFYING ANODES & CATHODES • DIAGRAMMATIC SUMMARY • DIFFERENTIAL AERATION • DIFFERENT METALS IN CONTACT • CORROSION PROTECTION • THE CORROSION OF ALUMINIUM • THEORY SUMMARY • REVISION TEST • REVISION TEST ANSWERS 2 3 4 5 6 7 7 8 9-10 11-12 13-16 17 18 19-20 21 © JAK CHEMISTRY LEVEL 3C (CHM 315109) CORROSION (CRITERION 5) INTRODUCTION: Corrosion is a general term referring to the DESTRUCTIVE
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EXTRACTION OF METALS SUMMARY Most metals exist in compounds in rocks in the Earth’s crust. Many of these ores contain oxides or sulphides of the metals. The compounds need to be reduced to produce the metals as elements. Metals are very useful to us because of their special properties. Reduction means removal of oxygen or gain of electrons. Carbon is a good chemical reducing agent because it readily combines with oxygen‚ but it is only useful for the metals below it in the Reactivity
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the most common oxides on the surface of earth. Like most oxides‚ it adopts a polymeric structure. Оксидите се хемиски соединенија што содржат најмалку еден атом на кислород и еден атом од друг хемиски елемент во својата формула. An oxide /ˈɒksaɪd/ is a chemical compound that contains at least one oxygenatom and one other element[1] in its chemical formula. Metal oxides typically contain an anion of oxygen in the oxidation state of −2. Most of the Earth’s crustconsists of solid oxides‚ the result of
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metal. Some unreactive metals can even be found in the native state‚ like gold. On the other hand‚ most metals are too reactive to exist on their own like aluminium‚ which has to be extracted using a method called electrolysis. And some moderately reactive metals that are in the middle of the reactivity series can be extracted using reduction of oxides like iron. Gold is not found in a mixture or
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1 (a) In this apparatus hydrochloric acid is decomposed by passing a direct electric current through it. Chlorine and hydrogen are formed. (i) Give the name of this process in which substances‚ such as hydrochloric acid‚ are decomposed by a direct electric current. (1) electrolysis (ii) Describe what happens when a burning splint is applied to a mixture of hydrogen and air in a test tube. (2) (b) (i) Complete the sentence by putting a cross ( ) in the box next to your answer. An acid
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difficult it is to extract. Thus electrolysis would be used more the more reactive and the “Blast Furnace” for the less: Metal Method of Extraction Potassium Electrolysis Sodium Electrolysis Calcium Electrolysis Magnesium Electrolysis Aluminium Electrolysis Zinc Heat with C or CO Iron Heat with C or CO Lead Heat with C or CO Copper Roasting in air Silver Occur naturally Gold Occur naturally Out of all the methods‚ native metals are the easiest to extract and require
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scrap steel additions‚ or they were added in the production process for a specific purpose‚ e.g. deoxidization by means of silicon or aluminium. Hence they are called residual elements to distinguish them from alloying elements that are deliberately added according to specified minimum amounts. The term “cleanliness” refers to the amounts of various phases such as oxides‚ sulphides and silicates that can be present in steel. The smaller the amount of these phases‚ the cleaner the steel. For many years
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Chemistry : 1. Aluminium hydroxide on thermal decomposition gives aluminium oxide and water 2. Iron (iii) oxide reacts with carbon forming iron and carbonmonoxide 3. Hydrogen peroxide reacts with lead sulphide forming lead sulphate and water 4. Lithium reacts with nitrogen forming lithium nitride 5. Nickel sulphate reacts with sodium phosphate to form nickel phosphate and sodium sulphate 6. Silver oxide reacts with hydrogen peroxide to form silver ‚ water and oxygen 7
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