Preview

anthro 102 assignment 1

Satisfactory Essays
Open Document
Open Document
562 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
anthro 102 assignment 1
Nikki Le
Anthro 102
Alyson Rollins
Assignment #1

#1
Jared Diamond presents many hypotheses in the article “Curse and Blessing of the Ghetto”. The four main points he brings up is that a new mutation could be arising as the old copies of Tay-Sachs disappear. Secondly, Diamond believes that this gene could help fight against tuberculosis. Third, people who already possessed this Tay Sachs gene at a high frequency could have easily acquired this gene. Lastly, Diamond believed that this gene originated from people with a more Jewish background and this gene was more dominant in their society.

#2 One possible ethical issue involved with genetic testing would be that it leads to early intervention in the pregnancy. Once the mother finds out if their child has a deadly disease or some other undesired trait, this may lead them to want to abort their child. Ethically speaking, many people don’t find abortions morally right and knowing early on whether or not their child has a bad gene could cause a lot of distraught for the mom and her decision to abort or keep the child. A second ethical issue that could arise from genetic testing would be that it might be hard to interpret the information about the child through facts and online readings. If a mother decides to abort her child due to a gene mutation she doesn’t consider positive, she isn’t giving this child a chance to possibly fight it and live longer than expected. There’s not a chance given if the mother takes it away. Lastly, another ethical issue regarding genetic testing would be that it could hurt the mother’s attitude towards her pregnancy. Some mothers may not be emotionally sound enough to handle the information if it may be bad and that can take a toll on the overall pregnancy.

#3 One bias Diamond could have would be the fact that he’s Jewish. Tay-Sachs seems to be more prevalent in Jewish communities and seeing that Diamond’s Jewish this could make the content of his article more geared towards how

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    My Sister's Keeper

    • 1151 Words
    • 5 Pages

    PGD is known as pre-implantation genetic diagnosing. I do not think it is ethical to design and conceive a child that meets specific genetic requirements. I do not feel that this is an ethical reason to conceive a child. Rather, I believe all children should be seen as blessings or gifts, not sacrificial genetic progeny.…

    • 1151 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Just like any other medical procedures there are a variety of risks that can interfere with a successful genetic modification procedure. To begin with this procedure can result in unpredictable responses from the immune system of the embryo. Genetic modification requires the introduction of a virus into the targeted cells. This process can go wrong if the wrong cells are targeted and the virus reacts negatively with the host cells. It may cause infections that can lead to further complications. There are situations where tumors develop as a result of the genetic modification process (Mayo Clinic Therapy, 2016). All of these risks greatly undermine the viability of genetic modification, especially since a lot of trials have to be conducted before a successful modification can be made. It is highly unethical to experiment with human genes because of the reasons that these risks have on the end results. Many human beings can be subjected to avoidable medical conditions in the future because of the genetic modification practices conducted on them. In Gattaca, the human beings born outside the eugenics program were viewed as insignificant. The quest for perfection when it comes to genetic modification meant that members of the society in the film had to live with these risks to be…

    • 1404 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    2. Issues in Science and Technology Fall 2012, v29 i1, p77(11), This article is basically written to examine the ethical issues in genetic…

    • 2479 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Genetic testing has potential benefits, such as you can see if your chromosomes are positive for a genetic mutation. Test results can provide a sense of relief from uncertainty about having a mentally or physical ill child because no one wants that for your child. They also help people make informed decisions about managing their health care. For example, a negative result for the mutation can eliminate the need for unnecessary checkups and screening tests in some cases. A positive result, having the mutation, can direct a person toward available prevention, monitoring, and treatment options. Some test results can also help people make decisions about having children. Newborn screening can identify genetic disorders early in life so treatment can be started as early as possible.…

    • 632 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Some of the pros include providing a sense of relief to parents who are concerned and uncertain of the possibility of their child having a disorder (if the test is negative), if it is bad news, at least the parents can be prepared mentally as to what they can be faced with. Early detection is key, if detected early, a plan can be set in place as to the future doctor's appointments, accommodations for the child, and possible surgeries if needed to plan ahead. Also, if diagnosed early, appropriate treatment can be given to the fetus before and after birth if necessary (Lea, Williams & Donahue, 2005, pp. 234-240). Genetic conditions often run in the family, defective genes may be carried from generation to generation whether physically present or not. Information gathered from testing can also help members of the family to be on high alert when planning for children of their own (Kuehn, 2008, pp. 1637-1639). The "Prenatal Genome Testing Sparks Debate" article describes another pro although difficulty to consider, as the parents having the choice to terminate the pregnancy if they feel that the responsibility of their baby's condition is too much (2008). On the other hand, some of the cons include creating anxiety for the parents because of the testing and the results to come. But as mentioned above, one of the problems with genetic and prenatal testing is that it gives false results. The person has to know going into the test that there is a possibility that a negative test can turn out to be positive and that a positive test can turn out to be negative (Schmitz, 2013, pp. 357-364). Another con is the view on terminating the pregnancy if indeed the child has an abnormality. Especially religious groups feel that regardless of chromosomal abnormalities, terminating is not right. This can also cause trouble between the mother and father as well (Schmitz, 2013, pp. 357-364). As mentioned above, the cost of…

    • 1673 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Since the test involves taking only a small blood sample, where a person’s DNA can be found, these tests have a minimal health risk. Genetic testing was initially used in pregnancies to test for diseases like Down's Syndrome and other genetic disorders (“What are the...”). However, thanks to more recent improvements, genetic testing has come to display several weaknesses and strengths. The genes that can be obtained from infants can notify parents of possible physical deficiencies, while others may show physical advantages (Stein).…

    • 478 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Is it ethical to be able to choose the sex of a child, his or her specific traits, or genetic characteristics? This is an important topic that is up for debate, and although there does not seem to be any right or wrong answer, this is very controversial. Many people say that this could lead to human cloning and the possibility of eugenics- the practice of "improving" the human gene pool by eliminating undesirable results. Some good results can come from creating these children in that they could help people with diseases, such as cancer or a blood disorder.…

    • 1002 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    This could be avoided if parents were to take the test which is a safer option. Genetic testing can reassure the parents or help them to prepare if there is a chance of their child inheriting a disease. The disadvantages for genetic testing include the fact that the test cannot stop the disease and it can cause miscarriages in CVS and Foetal Blood Sampling.…

    • 714 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    kingsbury case

    • 1376 Words
    • 6 Pages

    In the Kingsbury case a choice had to be made on rather to use PGD to test their embryos for a colon cancer gene that Mr. Kingsbury carried. After losing his mother and two brothers to the disease it worried him that he may pass this to his child. It is found that many people survive the disease if it is treated early enough. The couple did choose PGD even though some people find this method unethical. In Case 1 a couple decided to test their embryos for high cholesterol and increased risk of heart attack. Although the test is designed to find a rare form of the disease it also finds less rare forms. In the rare form familial hypercholesterolaemia children are often killed before puberty. There is a chance that all the embryos will have a form the gene and the possibility of either form of the disease. That is why the couple wanted to get their embryos tested. They did not want their children to live with either disease. This is also found unethical by some people.…

    • 1376 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    Going back to the video, Making Better Babies: Genetics and Reproduction—A Fred Friendly Seminar (2003), it is discussed that the studies on the results of genetic studies during pregnancy are very general, and do not provide detailed information, therefore making it more difficult for a perspective parent and the family to make informative decisions. Kelly (2009) reports that genetic tests are framed as normative reproductive health practices allowing parents to avoid the birth of an affected child through ‘therapeutic abortion’, or to prepare for the child’s birth. While screening technologies are directed towards the population, the rationale for both screening and testing is strongest for parents who are known to be at high risk for an affected pregnancy, including parents who have already experienced an affected pregnancy and/or birth. This decision for a parent can be a very traumatizing situation, if the results state that the child will have a lifelong physical and/or disability. For parents who do chose abortion, this is a very emotional situation that affects both mother and the families. Society has started becoming more accepting about abortions, but there are many groups in society that still believe, regardless of knowing of a disabling condition, one should never have an abortion, as nature will reject the baby on its own. As for the…

    • 934 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Good post this week. You chose interesting topic. In several features of health care, debates about ethics are significant, but are especially serious includes genetic testing that may lead to ethical dilemmas. Genetic testing could generate damage when assessment of genetic disorder probability and diagnosis. However, some genetic tests do not recognize all of the possible gene mutations that can cause a particular condition, or they have limited predictive value. For example, prenatal genetic screening is usual tool to detect birth defects, such as Down syndrome and neural tube defects. Genetic testing in prenatal patients is concentrated on individual reproductive decision making rather than the management of clinical disease.…

    • 200 Words
    • 1 Page
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The other medical ethical issue about genetic testing is to either make it mandatory or not when it comes to newborns. A genetics test on newborns could determine early disorders to help make an early treatment for the baby. They also have genetic tests on embryos, so while they are still inside the mother, the only affect on testing on embryos is the possible of a miscarriage just like my co-workers third pregnancy- “The doctor removes a small piece of the placenta to check for genetic problems in the fetus. Because chorionic villus sampling is an invasive test, there's a small risk that it can induce a miscarriage” (kidshealth.org). Genetic testing does come along with medical ethical issues because people believe it is morally wrong to interrupt with God’s work those that see it wrong believe that there is a reason behind everything even if it has something to with medical…

    • 1028 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Designer Babies

    • 611 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Personally, I am against using gene sequencing for “designer babies”. I don’t think it is ethical at all to use this process as a way for parents to make a baby that would perceive as “perfect”. Babies should be born naturally and parents should love their children under all circumstances. The only circumstance that should allow parents to have the right of gene sequencing would be if there was a harmful chromosomal disease that was definitely going to be passed down to the parent’s offspring. As one of the mothers said in the show “Designer Babies”, “I will now know that when I die, the disease will die with me.” I think that is a logical argument for using gene sequencing because diseases, such as cancer or Down’s syndrome should be terminated if possible. Some benefits of having your genome sequenced is that it can help researchers and clinicians better understand the unique qualities of a disease. It could also be used to help select treatment methods when combined with other information. Another benefit would be that there would be an advance in personalized medicine. But, along with the benefits there are also risks. One risk is that there are no experiments done to determine the long-term effects. With genomes being sequenced, it could ultimately result in decreased diversity and lower tolerance to disease as a whole. However if the gene sequences are eliminating disease, the sequencing could be a major improvement in society. Therefore, if diseases are eliminated, the benefits of gene sequencing could outweigh the risks, as long as the rights of gene sequencing weren’t abused. One benefit of altering the genome of an embryo is the procedure will virtually guarantee that the child will be as requested. If a parent requested that their child is a female, it will definitely come out as a female. However in addition to this, the probability that it will have green eyes and blond hair will increase because those two traits were biomarkers associated with the…

    • 611 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Abortion

    • 1416 Words
    • 4 Pages

    How would you feel if someone decided that you should never get a chance at life?…

    • 1416 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Better Essays

    The technology and advancements in our lives continue to grow and evolve every day. One arena where this is particularly true is genetic research and testing. It is now possible to test and/or screen for numerous diseases and ailments which can afflict the human body simply by testing a single drop of blood. This new technology has been utilized in various circles, from testing newborns for disease or determining ones susceptibility to a certain condition to proving or disproving ones innocence of a crime based on their DNA. Additionally, this new technology has brought about issues and discussions regarding the ethics of genetic testing as well as privacy concerns. One major concern is using genetic testing of employees for employer benefit in the workplace.…

    • 1406 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays