Chapter 2.0 Cell Structure and Functions Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cell Cell are grouped into tissue Cell as a unit of life Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells Structure and functions: cell membrane Microscopic and structures of organelles plant and animal cell Cell prokaryotic theory eukaryotic Plasma membrane Organeles - Nucleus - mitochondria Plant cell Animal cell - ruogh and smooth endoplasmic reticulum -Golgi body --ribosome --lysosome compare --chloroplast --centriole animal plant
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Prokaryotic cells are single celled organisms that were formed at the formation of the earth‚ so are the most basic life forms. The prokaryotes are organised in the ‘three domain system’ and include bacteria and blue-green algae. Prokaryotes live in many environments including extreme habitats such as hydrothermal vents‚ hot springs‚ swamps‚ wetlands‚ and the guts of animals. This is a diagram of a prokaryote cell and it shows that they are not very complex cells. They do not contain any membrane
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simple cells surrounded by a membrane and a cell wall‚ with a circular strand of DNA containing their genes. They do not contain a nucleus or other internal structures that higher cells may have. These are called prokaryotes. Basically all the life you see today‚ including plants and animals‚ belongs to the third domain‚ Eukaryota. Eukaryotic cells are more complex than prokaryotes; the major difference between the eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells is the nucleus. The nucleus in a eukaryotic cell is
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There are many differences in the composition and storage of genetic material in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Chromosomes in prokaryotes consist of a single nucleic acid molecule which can be either DNA or RNA. There is comparatively little genetic material for example E.coli genome is 1200 micrometres while a single human chromosome is between 12000 and 73000 micrometers in size. Unlike in eukaryotes the genetic material in viral prokaryotes can be single or double stranded RNA or DNA. It can also
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3. Describe the differences between animal and plant cells. Although plant and animal cells both have mitochondria‚ cytoplasm‚ and ribosomes they differ in many ways. Animal cells do not have a cell wall and are round with irregular shapes. Centrioles are also present in all animal cells‚ as well as most eukaryotic cells. Plant cells only have centrioles if they are in the lower plant species. Both types of cells have vacuoles‚ but their functions are quite different. The purpose of vacuoles in
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your project. The project will be due in class on Monday‚ October 20 and pre-checked on October 17‚ Friday. Options 1 and 2 Create a 3-D model of a Eukaryotic Cell belonging to a Plant (option 1) or Animal (option 2). Length and height are not shorter than 8. Depth is not shorter than .5. Your model must include all of the basic parts of the cell you choose as well as all organelles. In addition‚ you must label or provide a key to all parts and organelles so that they are clearly identifiable
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Introduction Using microscopes allows humans to see things they’ve otherwise would have never seen before‚ like cells. A cell is the basic unit of life. All living things are made of cells. All cells come from preexisting cells through a process called cellular division. There are two types of cells‚ eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Prokaryotes are very simple and small. They are unicellular and have no membrane bound organelles. Their DNA is found directly in the cytoplasm since they have no nucleus
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homologous chromosomes‚ sister chromatids‚ daughter chromosomes‚ somatic cells‚ gametes‚ centromere‚ kinetochore‚ karyokinesis‚ spindle fibers‚ kinetochore microtubules‚ nonkinetochore microbules‚ centrosome‚ asters 2. List differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic genome. 3. A chromosome consists of ____ (60%) and ____ (40%). 4. Describe the phases of the cell cycle and the events that occur in each. a. Interphase 1. G1 2. S
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are made up of? If you answered cells‚ then you’d be correct. A cell is the smallest thing that can be alive‚ and all living things are made of cells! Cells are made of tiny organelles that work together to help the cells live‚ just like organs in our body keep us alive. You must also remember that there are two types of cells. Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic. The differences are simple; Eukaryotic cells are more complex and have more organelles while Prokaryotic cells are simple and have little organelles
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1. Eukaryotic cells have a true nucleus‚ bound by a double membrane. Prokaryotic cells have no nucleus. The purpose of the nucleus is to sequester the DNA-related functions of the big eukaryotic cell into a smaller chamber‚ for the purpose of increased efficiency. This function is unnecessary for the prokaryotic cell‚ because its much smaller size means that all materials within the cell are relatively close together. Of course‚ prokaryotic cells do have DNA and DNA functions. Biologists describe
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