St Joseph Campus Capitol Hill‚ Monrovia Liberia Accounting 401 Section 01 Accounting Theory Assignment #2 To: Mr. Oye Williams By: Fatima E. Manyeh 07436 March 6‚ 2014 1) BDO Seidman’s attorney pointed out correctly that professional standards do not prohibit auditors and client personnel from being ‘friends’. At what point does such relationship result in violation of the auditor independence rules and guidelines? Provide hypothetical examples to strengthen your answers. Health
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WorldCom Scandal A summary of WorldCom fraud would include having to describe the greed that would eventually destroy one of the largest communications companies in the United States and world. A humble motel owner‚ Bernard Ebbers took a small long distance company in 1983 and turned it into one of the most successful businesses in the country. It was not so much the business operations that caused the company to grow but the aggressive acquisitions that made the company grow. In its day‚ CEO Bernard
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the actions taken by WorldCom managers not detected earlier? What processes or systems should be in place to prevent or detect quickly the types of actions that occurred in WorldCom? The first reason is that both internal audit and external audit of WorldCom were not performing their role as intended. Generally‚ internal audit mainly focus on the reliability of financial reporting and the effectiveness of operations‚ and reports directly to the Board of Directors. In WorldCom‚ however‚ internal audit
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WorldCom Scandal Formerly known as WorldCom‚ now known as MCI‚ this U.S.-based telecommunications company was at one time the second-largest long distance phone company in the U.S. Today‚ it is perhaps best known for a massive accounting scandal that led to the company filing for bankruptcy protection in 2002. In 1998‚ the telecommunications industry began to slow down and WorldCom’s stock was declining. CEO Bernard Ebbers came under increasing pressure from banks to cover margin calls on
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‘Corporate social responsibility‚ public policy and NGO activism in Europe and the United States: an institutional-stakeholder perspective’ Donaldson‚ L. and Davis‚ J. H. (1991). ‘Stewardship theory or agency theory: CEO governance and shareholder returns’ Donaldson‚ T. and Preston‚ L. (1995). ‘The stakeholder theory of the corporation: concepts‚ evidence‚ and implications’. Academy of Management Review‚ 20‚ 65–91. Dutta‚ P. K.‚ Lach‚ S. and Rustichini‚ A. (1995). ‘Better late than early: vertical differentiation
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of an organized system to replace the existing hodgepodge of record-keeping. QUESTION 2 Islamic accounting can be defined as the “accounting process” which provides appropriates information (not necessarily limited to financial data) to stakeholders of entity which will enable them to ensure that the entity is continuously operating within Islamic Sharia’ ah while “conventional” accounting can be defined to be the identification‚ recording‚ classification‚ interpreting and communications economic
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The WorldCom Fraud © 2003‚ 2005 by the AICPA This presentation is intended for use in higher education for instructional purposes only‚ and is not for application in practice. Permission is granted to classroom instructors to photocopy this document for classroom teaching purposes only. All other rights are reserved. Copyright © 2003‚ 2005 by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants‚ Inc.‚ New York‚ New York. WorldCom’s Background • Awoke the sleeping giant by leading the telecom
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Introduction 1. Definition According to Robert K. Elliot‚ 1997‚ assurance is a positive declaration that produces quality information which enhances the degree of confidence for all intended users as well as improves the quality of decision that being made. It is also part of corporate governance which provide reliable and accurate information to the stakeholders such as investors‚ employees‚ government‚ voluntary sector and market regulators‚ regarding the efficiency and effectiveness of
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using cases such as: Accounting Irregularities at WorldCom and Arthur Andersen…No More: What Went Wrong? (Business Ethics 4th Ed: Cases 5 & 6 pg.101-109)‚ both clearly present various moral and ethical problems that arise that are real life business scenarios as well as question the impact of certain ‘special’ duties/obligations that apply to particular individuals and employees who choose to engage in these activities in the organization leading to their downfall. The WorldCom case and scandal occurred
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achieving future cash flows. Limitations * Companies omit items that cannot be measured reliably. * Income is affected by the accounting methods employed. * Income measurement involves judgment. Earnings Quality Companies have incentives to manage income to
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