Parental Belief Systems Across Cultures (Position Paper 1)– January 28th‚ 2014 The cultural approach to cognitive development focuses on how experiences of a certain culture affects how people think and develop. It has been established that the majority of cultures contribute to cognitive development through learning social processes and encouraging engagement in daily activity.1 I feel that parental beliefs systems in various cultures strongly impact children’s psychological development. This
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Abstract for cognitive behavior therapyAbstract Cognitive behavioral group therapy is based on behavioral practitioners using a brief‚ active‚ directive. Collaborative‚ present-focused‚ didactic‚ psychoeducational model of therapy that relies on empirical validation of its concepts‚ and techniques (Reinecke & Freeman‚ 2003). Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) had replaced the term behavioral therapy. The cognitive behavioral approach to groups currently represents the mainstream
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Outline & evaluate the cognitive interview. (12 marks) The cognitive interview was devised by psychologists in order to eliminate the effects of misleading questions and misleading information. The process consists of first reporting everything the witness can remember‚ even information they believe to be unimportant. Then the witness is asked to mentally instate their experience‚ where they mentally use their sense to recall information. After this the witness is asked to change the order in
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Bandura’s Social-Cognitive Theory The social-cognitive theory proposed by Albert Bandura (1925- ) has become the most influential theory of learning and development. It considers that people learn from one another‚ including such concepts as observational learning‚ imitation‚ and modeling. This theory explains human behavior in terms of continuous reciprocal interaction between cognitive‚ behavioral‚ and environmental influences. The four-step pattern of observational learning consists of: (1)
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Cognitive-Behavioral Approach Introduction Our thought process plays a very important role in how we feel generally and in what we do. There is a type of psychotherapy that places emphasis on this role that our thought process plays in these situations and it is called cognitive behavioral therapy. This theory focus on the idea that all our attitudes‚ feelings and behaviors are caused by our thoughts‚ and not by external factors such as events‚ people and situations that we encounter. There is
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The cognitive causal model of depression is the model with the most empirical evidence in treating depression. According to this model‚ it is one’s cognitions - thoughts and beliefs- that shape one’s behaviors and emotions. The most prominent proponent of the cognitive model of depression is Aaron Beck. He proposed that depressive symptoms result when people’s attributions for external events are based on maladaptive beliefs and attitudes (Persons‚ Davison‚ Tompkins). The cognitive model of depression
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Judging Cognitive-Enhancing Drugs Most people know steroids are wrong because of the negative side effects‚ but what about a drug that could improve a person’s attention? It’s not clear whether healthy individuals should or should not use medication or drugs to improve cognitive abilities such as working memory or attention. At their genesis‚ cognitive-enhancing drugs such as Provigil or Ritalin were developed to aid patients suffering from narcolepsy‚ Alzheimer’s disease or ADHD with their cognitive
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Cognitive Dissonance Theory was proposed by psychologist Leon Festinger to reason as to why humans change their behavior. According to Festinger‚ an individual has their beliefs (their perception of something) and these beliefs need to mirror their actions/behaviors in order for them to be at an equilibrium. If these two things are not aligned then this creates cognitive dissonance. It was proposed that‚ because humans do not like to be out of alignment‚ they will be motivated to either change their
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Topic 10 ~ Explain the differences between cognitive style and learning style. In what ways might the perceptual styles of field-dependence and field-independence influence whether a student processes information at a deep versus a surface level of learning? Krause et al and other texts use the broader term "Cognitive Style" to include "Learning Style" - often they are thought of as the same concept‚ but they can be differentiated: Cognitive Style: The characteristic ways of thinking and
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side effects from antipsychotics which may improve their adherence to‚ and therefore the effectiveness of‚ their medication. Perhaps CBTp could also reduce safety behaviours that negatively reinforce delusions (Freeman et al.‚ 2007). Unfortunately‚ cognitive behavioural therapies can be time consuming as multiple sessions are required. This is expensive to provide and there are often issues with patients’ attendance (Karbasi‚ Arman & Maracy‚ 2010). Social skills training For comprehensive treatment
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