PHILOSOPHY The History of Philosophy is often divided into three periods: Ancient philosophy‚ Medieval philosophy‚ and Modern philosophy. Philosophy is the discipline concerned with questions of how one should live (ethics); what sorts of things exist and what are their essential natures (metaphysics); what counts as genuine knowledge (epistemology); and what are the correct principles of reasoning (logic). The word is of Ancient Greek origin (philosophía)‚ meaning love of wisdom. Definition
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Best Explanations Approach – Existence of God is the best explanation for certain effects we see in the universe. I can only prove what I can see‚ taste‚ hear – but electrons (we can’t see‚ taste or hear it); black holes (we can’t see‚ taste or hear) we just see the effects that we see that the best explanation is that there are electrons and black holes and god. Defeasible – Possibly could be wrong. Defeater‚ if true could defeat the argument of God’s existence. Cumulative Cases Approach
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Corruption in judicial systems is threatening the protection of human rights‚ a United Nations independent expert said‚ urging governments to implement policies to strengthen the rule of law to combat this practice. “The pervasiveness of corruption in the judiciary and the legal profession‚ whether one off or endemic‚ is very worrying because it directly undermines the rule of law and the ability of the judiciary to guarantee the protection of human rights‚” the Special Rapporteur on the independence
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of the Supreme Court in 1953. Warren had been the governor of California twice and was also on the republican ticket for Vice President under Thomas Dewey. It was assumed that Warren would pickup where his successor Fred Vinson left off as a conservative member of the Supreme Court‚ but instead Warren positioned himself as a liberal. When Warren took over as Chief Justice‚ justices who aligned with judicial activism and those who were in favor of judicial restraint divided the Supreme Court. One of
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judiciary has to be an advocate against corruption and assure fairness in legal procedures. Unfortunately‚ people’s experiences in court are often far from fair. Judges can also bribe or be bribed‚ or they can suffer pressure from above. If politicians abuse their power‚ they can influence decisions and mislead courts’ lawful procedures by bribing justices. Judicial corruption endures as a serious barrier to citizen’s right and undermines basic human rights issues such as right to fair trial. In
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Ethics‚ or Moral Philosophy‚ is the branch of Philosophy dealing with the questions of what is good and bad‚ what is right and wrong‚ trying to assess what moral duty is. Examples of Ethical Questions: What is a morally good outcome? What is a morally right action? Are moral values universal or relative? Where do moral values come from? What is a just political system? Are you responsible for poverty? Do we have a right to a good death? Would you invade a country that is practicing ethnic
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Court hierarchy The Local Court is the lowest court in the hierarchy and deals with minor criminal and summary offences. It will also hear minor civil disputes with monetary value up to $60 000. The Local Court holds committal hearings‚ which are preliminary hearings where the magistrate determines if there is sufficient evidence against the defendant to warrant a trial in a higher court. The High Court of Australia is the highest court in Australia and was established in 1901. It deals with appeals
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Hedonism is the ethical and morality of the ancient philosophical belief that humans have two intrinsic motivations in life to seek out pleasure and avoid pain. There are countless variations on Hedonism. I am going to focus on motivational hedonism since that best explains the internal forces that have twisted these simple and basic values into postulating sex‚ drugs‚ and rock n roll as hedonism. Who indoctrinated fundamental beliefs that inspired the “father of hedonism.” How did overindulgence
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PHILOSOPHY Philosophy is divided into many sub-fields. These include epistemology‚ logic‚ metaphysics‚ ethics‚ and aesthetics. Epistemology is concerned with the nature and scope of knowledge‚ such as the relationships between truth‚ belief‚ and theories of justification. Logic is the study of the principles of correct reasoning. Metaphysics is the study of the most general features of reality‚ such as existence‚ time‚ the relationship between mind and body‚ objects and their properties‚ wholes
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chapter 2 pg.14-25 Socrates: The First Moralist Socrates (c.470-399 B.C) he was 70 years old when he died‚ his father was Sophroniscus‚ a sculptor‚ his mother Phaenarete‚ was a midwife. Socrates was likely a stonemason and a sculptor before turning to philosophy. He was a soldier during the Peloponnesian War. He has walked barefoot across ice‚ meditated standing up for thirty-six hours. He had the ability to ignore physical discomfort in order to achieve some greater mental or spiritual objective.The oracle
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