morality such as John Stuart Mill’s theory of Utilitarianism. In teleological approaches to morality‚ questions of right and wrong‚ or the notion what an individual ought to do‚ are determined by the consequences of a given action. One thinker to reject this idea of consequentialism was Immanuel Kant. In his Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals‚ Kant endeavors to establish a system of ethics that has no trace of the empirical nature of utilitarianism. To him‚ “the moral worth of an action does
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Utilitarianism was developed in the 18th century by Hutchenson‚ who used the phrase "the greatest good for the greatest number" to describe his theory. His idea of Utilitarianism‚ however‚ seeks to find a rational means of assessing how best to put this promotion of happiness into practice‚ and is split into two types; Act Utilitarianism is the earliest form‚ in which what is deemed right is based on the assessment of results of a particular action‚ and Rule Utilitarianism‚ which allows to be taken
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.................................................................................................4 BIBLIOGRAPHY Bentham J‚ A Fragment on Government‚ (1776) -The Works of Jeremy Bentham (Simpkin‚ Marshal and Co‚ 1843) Coddington A‚ Utilitarianism Today‚ ‘Political Theory’‚ (Vol. 4‚May‚ 1976) Riddal JG‚ Jurisprudence‚ (2nd edn Oxford Press 2006) Freeman M‚ Harrison R‚ Law and Philosophy Current Legal Issues‚ (Oxford Press 2007) Simmonds NE‚ Central Issues In Jurisprudence‚ (Sweet
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Act utilitarianism states that‚ when faced with a choice‚ we must first consider the likely consequences of potential actions and‚ from that‚ choose to do what we believe will generate the most pleasure. The rule utilitarian‚ on the other hand‚ begins by looking at potential rules of action. To determine whether a rule should be followed‚ he or she looks at what would happen if it were constantly followed. If adherence to the rule produces more happiness than otherwise‚ it is a rule that morally
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A person who is a utilitarian believes in one principle of utility‚ which is to opt for an action that will bring the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people (Ronsenstand‚ 2013). It is not a decision made with selfish intentions‚ as it does not matter who benefits from the decision‚ as long as it is for the greater good. The utilitarian belief can be a solution to certain moral problems‚ but there are also problems that may arise from it. One of the problems of the utilitarian
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Normative ethics: conventional ethical theories: Virtue ethics‚ Deontology and utilitarianism. Virtues ethics focuses on the person not the act. Virtue ethics de-emphasises rules‚ consequences and acts. Aristotle agreed with Socrates and Plato that virtues are central to a well-lived life. He believes that an ethical person was the man of virtues. Virtue is the mean between two extremes. There is no univocal definition of ethics which is also known as moral philosophy. For some people ethics is a code
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PHIL310 – Ethics Essay #2 – Theme: Core Ethical Theories The two ‘core’ ethical theories covered in class that I started to assess are the categorical imperative and utilitarianism‚ both of which offer an approach to decision making in the context of social and interpersonal relationships. In this with in depth understanding of both that Kantian ethics is much easily appreciated than the ethics of utilitarianism as Kantian ethics apply to everyone yet both ethical approaches lead to faults.
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The Philosophy of Utilitarianism may have a positive outcome‚ but it can be flawed at times as well. The Utilitarian theory states “ The greatest happiness for the greatest number of people”. Some say this approach is flawed due to it lacking reason and consequence‚ I believe this depends on specific circumstances. Abortion is a big issue now a days and I feel that the utilitarian theory would be a reasonable outlook on this particular situation. To apply the Utilitarian theory to abortion‚ first
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Both Kantian Ethics and utilitarian ethics are two of the most well know conceptions on human nature and how we as human beings should go about living our lives. They also have strong cores and there purpose is very clear. According to utilitarianism humans have two masters’ pain and happiness‚ only good actions will achieve happiness and will also minimizes pain. In one sentence you can describe utilitarianism as “the greatest good for the greatest amount of people”. While in the other hand the
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1 I) Utilitarianism…………………………………….P.3 II) Introduction to the main idea of Utilitarianism : The Principle of Utility ………………………….P.6 The Greatest Happiness Principle…………….P.9 III) Two kinds of pleasure………………........…P.11 IV) The Calculation of Utility…………………....P.15 V) The measurement of utility……………..…..P.17 VI) The proof of Principle of Greatest Happiness……………………………….…..P.18 VII) The Harm Principle ………………………..P.19 VIII) Assessing Utilitarianism…………………..P.21 2 I) Utilitarianism: + Whenever
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