Kantian and Utilitarian Theories Kantian and Utilitarian Theories Applying philosophical concepts to social issues can test the relevance of philosophy in contemporary society. Such application may also help to resolve present-day social issues‚ as philosophy can draw light on moral concerns. In this paper‚ the Kantian and Utilitarian moral theories are applied to the Nestle advertising controversy which began in 1970‚ and which lingers
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There are two general theories of punishment: utilitarian and retributive. In the utilitarian theory of punishment‚ punishment is sought to discourage future occurrences of crime‚ while in the retributive theory‚ punishment is handed out because the offender deserves to be punished. Laws are used under the utilitarian philosophy specifically to maximize the overall peace of society. Because crimes and the punishment that follows are both adversaries to that peace‚ they should be kept to a minimum
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deals with the fundamental idea of the utilitarian theory formulated by Jeremy Bentham and several problems associated with its application. Chapter 4 covers John S. Mill’s enhancement of Bentham’s theory. Based on this background information‚ chapter 5 illustrates the how utilitarianism can be applied to decision making in business and thus impacting the economy by presenting three distribution formulations that can be derived from the classical utilitarian
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Nevertheless‚ there are significant differences between utilitarian and deontology. Utilitarians and deontology sometimes might arrive at variant answers to the question that whether it is ethical to implement a placebo-controlled trial for the purpose of testing whether the new drugs are efficient. Holding all other things constant‚ utilitarians might conclude that it is correct to conduct the placebo-controlled trial if the benefits outweigh the costs‚ while a deontologist would argue that it is
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The task that stands before me in this paper is to address two situations and determine the ethical parameters in which a person should act. The two philosophical approaches that I will examine the situations with the Kantian and Utilitarian point of view. Kant deciphers his ethical questions by examining a person’s motivation for performing an act regardless of the consequences. A person who utilizes the Kantian view believes that the only pure good is pure human reason without consequences. This
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706694 Utilitarian and retributive theory of punishment Utilitarian Theorists believe that punishment should be developed based on what is best for the public as a whole. Utilitarian theorists are forward looking as opposed to retribution theorists. The goal of utilitarian theorists is to prevent a crime from happening again. In a general sense this means that the punishment for a certain crime needs to be great than the possible reward for committing the crime. A utilitarian theorist believes
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The abortion and the utilitarian view Abortion is a sensitive topic that requires a considerable amount of understanding when addressing the ethics behind it. Abortion is defined as the termination of pregnancy thus ending the life of the embryo/fetus prematurely (Matthews MP‚ Dutt T‚ 1998). My ethical justification for abortion stems from a utilitarianism standpoint. When using the utilitarian consequential principle of ethics‚ we establish a set of general morals and rules in which we can apply
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The Utilitarian model‚ in its broadest sense‚ can be described as “the greatest good for the greatest number” (38). This way of thinking prioritizes the needs of the many over the needs of the few. There are three approaches to this model‚ the cost-benefit approach‚ the act Utilitarian approach‚ and the rule Utilitarian approach. In the first approach‚ the course of action that is chosen is the course that produces the greatest benefit relative to cost. The act approach deals with problems that don’t
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words the basic elements of a utilitarian moral theory. Utilitarianism is established as a theory promoting increasing utility and especially the happiness of as many people as possible. Utilitarian’s believe the function of morality as a social institution‚ is to advocate humans well-being by increasing welfare and decreasing damage. Thus‚ moral rules are regarded as a way to accomplish individual needs and meet social aims. The first basic element of a utilitarian moral theory is The Principle
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Examine how utilitarian arguments might be applied to one issue of your choice? ACT UTILITARIANISM Act Utilitarian theories start with specific cases from which general principles can be deduced. Bentham’s Hedonic Calculus weighs up the following measures of the consequential pleasure/pain: CertaintyDurationExtentIntensityRemotenessRichnessPurity Situation 1 – Abortion would be morally right if the mother’s life is in danger. The period of the pain of the loss of the mother will be ongoing‚ the
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