amount of fat in our diets. The thing is‚ fats play an important role in our body. They store and provide energy‚ insulate and protect our organs‚ and act as messengers‚ helping protein do their jobs. They start chemical reactions that help our immune system‚ reproduction and other aspects of basic metabolism. (Dutchen‚ 2010) What is important to remember is there are two different kinds of fatty acids‚ saturated and unsaturated. Sometimes referred to as the bad fat and the good fat. Saturated
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Lipids & Fat Casey G. Turner‚ RN Western Governors University Lipids & ATP • Fatty acids are important to energy production. They generate ATP. • This is completed by: 1. Starting with a triglyceride molecule the fatty acid part separates from the glycerol part of the molecule. 2. Once separated‚ the fatty acid chain will break into sections. Each section will be composed of 2 carbon molecules. 3. Each of the carbon pieces will form Acetyl CoA. Each Acetyl CoA enters the Krebs Cycle. 4. It is
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of energy storage • • • • • • • • Fat cell mobilizes triglycerides Breaks fatty acids off glycerol molecule Become free fatty acids and sent to bloodstream Free fatty acid taken up by cell (i.e. muscle cell) Broken down into 2 carbon units at a time by beta-oxidation 2 carbon piece becomes Acetyl-CoA Acetyl-CoA enters citric acid cycle Citric acid cycle leads to ETC which forms ATP (Sanders‚ 2014) Saturated vs. Unsaturated Fatty Acids SATURATED UNSATURATED • • • • • • • • • • Same conformation
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1. Use Model 1 to show which atoms are present in each type of molecule by listing the symbol for each atom included. Carbohydrate has been done for you. a. Carbohydrate— C‚ H‚ O b. Amino acid—C‚H‚ N‚O c. Lipid-c‚ o‚ h d. Nucleic acid—O‚H‚P 2. Which type of molecule includes an example with a long-chain carbon backbone? Lipid 3. In the molecule referred to in the previous question‚ what is the dominant element attached to the carbon backbone? Hydrogen 4. The fatty acid chain of
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properties of a lipid. 2. Saturated fatty acids: * Each carbon has a full quota of hydrogen atoms. * There are no double bonds. * Solid at room temperature. * Generally from animal sources (e.g.) butyric acid (butter). Mono-unsaturated fatty acids: * All carbon atoms are not saturated with hydrogen. * There is one double bond. * Soft/liquid at room temperature. * Generally come from plant sources and fish (e.g.) oleic acid (corn oil). Polyunsaturated fatty acids:
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different triglycerides structures can be formed and this means that they have a range of functions (1). Saturated fats contain single bonds between carbon atoms and they are usually solid at room temperature. Unsaturated fats such as vegetable oils are liquid at room temperature and have many double bonds between carbon atoms. Lipids form excellent energy storage molecules for example as fats in seeds‚ lipid deposits in the stroma of the chloroplast and adipose tissue of vertebrates. In addition oxidation
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Biochemistry Western Governors University A: Fats are made up fatty acids and a glycerol. They are stored in cells known as adipocytes throughout the body. When the body needs energy the stored fats are broken down through the process of metabolism and beta oxidation (Livestrong.com‚ n.d.). For example‚ triacylglyceride or triglyceride are broken down into their separate parts‚ fatty acid chains and a glycerol. The body will always metabolize the glycerol first because it is easier
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INTRODUCING ESTERS This page explains what esters are and looks at their simple physical properties such as solubility and boiling points. It includes an introduction to more complicated naturally-occurring esters like animal and vegetable fats and oils. What are esters? Esters are derived from carboxylic acids. A carboxylic acid contains the -COOH group‚ and in an ester the hydrogen in this group is replaced by a hydrocarbon group of some kind. This could be an alkyl group like methyl
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Lipoproteins and How They Effect Our Body and Through Lifestyle Decisions How Cardiovascular Disease Can Be Prevented and or Controlled. Insoluble in water lipids can be defined. To move lipids like fatty acid‚ triacylglycerols‚ steroids and fat soluble vitamins within the blood plasma‚ a mover protein is needed. Moved from the adipose tissue to the muscle‚ heart and liver tissues by serum albumin are fatty acids. Moved by the retinol binding protein is Vitamin A. There are steroid moverproteins
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Introduction Nutrients are the substances that provide nourishments to the body for it to grow strong and maintain life. Carbohydrates (CHO) Carbohydrates are made of carbon‚ hydrogen‚ and oxygen. Carbohydrates are macro-nutrient that provides energy for the body; the energy gives our cell which helps our oxygen and nutrients to function when we sleep. 1. Different Types There are two types of carbohydrates‚ the simple and complex carbohydrates. Simple carbohydrates These are made up
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