HPRS 2301 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY CHAPTER 4 – Diseases and Conditions of the Endocrine System Orderly Function of the Endocrine System Two Systems Interaction-as one system starts‚ ends‚ or extends the activity of the other. Nervous System-creates an immediate but short lived response‚operating on the priciples of electricity through impulse conduction. Endocrine System- has a slightly slower onset and a longer duration of action‚ and uses highly specific and powerful hormones to control its
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hormones of the pituitary gland‚ and increased numbers of the hormone imbalance. These hormones come on growth hormone‚ gonorrhea hormones‚ follicle stimulating hormone‚ and luteinizing hormone. In addition to the hormone adrenal peel and thyroid stimulating thyroid gland. Table () shows the effect of different
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function in dim light. 3. Thyroid glands control how human body uses energy. The thyroid produces calcitonin‚ which plays role in calcium homeostasis. In such a way‚ the thyroid contributes to the regulation of the level of calcium in human body. Parathyroid glands are located behind thyroid and produce parathyroid hormone in response to the low calcium level stimulating the production of calcium and balancing the amount of calcium in human body. In such a way‚ thyroid generates calcitonin‚ whereas
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to as hormones that are released into your bloodstream. Hormones‚ like their counterparts neurotransmitters‚ carry messages and regulate bodily functions. The main glands in the endocrine system are the Pineal‚ Pituitary‚ Parathyroid‚ Thyroid‚ Pancreas‚ Adrenal‚ Ovaries and Testes. The Pineal Gland is almost in the center of the brain‚ and secretes the hormone melatonin that helps regulate your sleep-wake cycles‚ also known as the “biological clock.” The Pituitary
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disease which causes the thyroid gland to be put into overdrive. Graves’ disease can have an effect on the body‚ causing problems with the eyes‚ skin‚ create goiters‚ and several other symptoms. Little is known about what exactly causes Graves’ disease‚ like many other autoimmune disorders. On the contrary‚ it is known who is susceptible to Graves’ disease. As for where Graves’ disease occurs there are two main areas that are being effected; these include both the thyroid and pituitary glands. Furthermore
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eight days. Because of its radioactivity‚ Iodine 131 can be detected in the body‚ particularly in the thyroid gland. Iodine can be used as a form of a solution in medicine as a germicide as well. In producing purple dye‚ its radioactive isotopes can also be used in medical diagnosis; for example it can be used to treat thyroid cancer and act as a tracer in the body to determine how well the thyroid is functioning. As a matter of fact‚ we humans need about 140mg of iodine a day. Foods such as fish
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Hypothyroidism Millions of people‚ most of them women‚ suffer from thyroid disease. When your body produces too little thyroid hormone‚ the hormone responsible for metabolism‚ heart rate‚ and mood‚ you are said to have hypothyroidism‚ or an underactive thyroid. If your body makes too much of the hormone‚ you’re said to have hyperthyroidism‚ or an overactive thyroid. Thyroid hormone is responsible for everything from your basal metabolic rate—the rate at which your body uses oxygen and energy to
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American and English researchers then named it after him. (Wikipedia‚ 2012) So to learn about this disorder one must first know what the thyroid actually does. The thyroid is one of the largest endocrine glands in the body. It’s found in the neck and is shaped like a butterfly. As a baby and as a child it is important for brain development. The hormones that the thyroid makes are triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine. They go to all of the body’s cells and see if they need more or less oxygen or nutrients
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divided into 2 areas‚ which differ ~structurally and functionally ~each area has separate types of hormone production The 2 segments are: ~Posterior Pituitary -produces oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) ~Anterior Pituitary -produces thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) -growth hormone (GH) -adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) -follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) ~luteinizing hormone (LH) ~prolactin detailed info over pituitary gland ~Posterior Pituitary -Oxytocin (the natural form of pitocin)
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factor (PIF) . In the pituitary it is the following Growth hormone‚ Luteinizing hormone (LH)‚ Oxytocin‚ Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) ‚Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)‚Prolactin‚ Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)‚ and Antidiuretic hormone (ADH). In the thyroid gland it is t4 and t5 Thyroxine is T4 and Triiodothyronine is T3 and the last one in the thyroid gland is Calcitonin. Next is the parathyroid which only has one hormone which is the Parathyroid hormone (PTH). Adrenal cortex has 2 which
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