resolved. With reference to this issue‚ a wide variety of views are held‚ of which we shall only mention the two extremes. At one pole we find (a) the standpoint that there is validity in the distinction between purely logically deducible and purely empirical statements of fact on the one hand‚ and practical‚ ethical or philosophical evaluations on the other‚ but that‚ nevertheless – or‚ perhaps‚ even on that account- both classes of problems properly belong in the university. At the other pole we encounter
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Discuss the advantages‚ strengths‚ disadvantages and weaknesses of a positivist approach to social sciences The profusion of use and multifariousness of meaning of the word positivism results in a need for any essay on the subject to first give its own precise definition for its use of the term‚ distinguishing its particular context from its use in other contexts. The term positivism‚ first coined by the philosopher Auguste Comte in the nineteenth-century‚ was first originally confined to the
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they are to the scientific rise to atheism as A. J. Ayer explained that religious language is meaningless can be dismissed as the principle itself cannot be verified. Therefore empirism is meaning by its own definition. Also if we were to demand empirical evidence from god there could numerous different things that could be mistaken for doing of god for example stigmata. Therefore I believe that religion has successfully responded to the challenge of atheism as it has worked alongside many of
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influence staff turnover and strategies that managers can utilise to reduce staff turnover. Interviews were conducted with the chief executive officer and one doctor at Hewu hospital. Interviews were also conducted among senior nurses. An empirical study was undertaken to determine individual‚ job‚ organisational and environmental factors that impacted on staff turnover among doctors and nurses at Bisho and Hewu Hospitals. The
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describe a variety of perspectives on corporate social responsibility (CSR)‚ which we use to develop a framework for consideration of the strategic implications of CSR. Based on this framework‚ we propose an agenda for additional theoretical and empirical research on CSR. We then review the papers in this special issue and relate them to the proposed agenda. INTRODUCTION In recent years‚ scholars and managers have devoted greater attention to the strategic implications of corporate social responsibility
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Exam 3‚ response to question 2 ‚ Aristophanes and Thucydides. Briahna Miner 3704138 December 13th 2011 Aristophanes and Thucydides both wrote during the Peloponnesian War‚ the former wrote comic plays and the latter wrote a more serious account of what was happening. Although they were authors of two very different forms of literature they had the common tie of being critical of democracy and blamed it’s downfalls for the Athenian loss of the war. They looked at the same facts about the same events
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SUMMARY Karen Smith in her article “Has Africa got anything to say” wanted to basically address the rising criticism of how the developing world and in particular Africa has been neglected in International Relations theory. She attempts to go beyond the criticism by addressing concerns of how the developing world can make contributions which are potentially vital in enriching people’s understanding of IR. She highlights how the existent Western knowledge is seen in many parts of the globe in a superior
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political analysis lie in the philosophical tradition of Plato and Aristotle whose work was fundamentally rooted in the normative. At the very early stages of politics as an academic discipline‚ the great thinkers of the time were not concerned with empirical evidence; instead basing their ideas on literary analysis. The emphasis on the normative that comes with the traditional study of politics suggests that politics is not a science as it cannot be objective. This was followed by the emergence of the
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acknowledgement of open systems as a feature of both natural and social science is made. Phenomenalism; only knowledge gained from physical experience is considered valid. Otherwise it is metaphysical and meaningless. If it cannot be subject to empirical tests and corroborated‚ it does not exist. Happiness‚ for example‚ by this criterion‚ is meaningless. Nominalism; again concepts must be rooted in physical actuality. Words are mere reflections of things‚ semantics are dismissed. Scientific concepts
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Cargo cult science is a term used by Richard Feynman to describe a method or idea that imitates the scientific process but is not done for a scientific purpose. In “The Uncertainty of Science” he goes on to clarify that legitimate science accounts for the uncertainties found in science: it is the search for answers‚ faults in methods‚ and data to support theories. However‚ in “Cargo Cult Science” Feynman explains how sometimes “science” is used for personal gain‚ instead of for the benefit of society
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