The Role of Local Site Conditions in The Seismic Assessment of Historical Monuments J. Cvetanovska‚ V. Sesov‚ I. Gjorgiev & K. Edip University Ss. Cyril and Methodius‚ Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Seismology-Skopje‚ Macedonia SUMMARY: Presented in this paper are the investigations related to the local site conditions in the seismic assessment of two historical structures in Macedonia: the church of The Holy Mother of God Peribleptos‚ from the 13th century‚ located in the
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OIL AND GAS EXPLORATION‚ AND IT‟S CHALLENGES. NUHU MOHAMMED Holder of an Advanced Diploma in Oil and Gas Process Operations City & Guilds UK. INSTITUTION: WINTECH PROFESSIONAL INSTITUTE KWASHIEMAN. OIL AND GAS DEPARTMENT. OIL AND GAS EXPLORATION AND IT`S CHALLENGES Page 1 I PREFACE The material has been compiled from various online sources as well as other certified books and handouts and other related documents. I am thankful to my colleagues in the same institution for providing valuable input
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pioneered my interest in geology. My fascination of geology expanded further when it came to choosing my A-Level subjects; Geology‚ Geography and Environmental Science. I was then introduced into a wider spectrum of Geological subjects such as seismology‚ rocks and processes and how geologists are critical for resolving the most complex matters of the planet. My interest in the subject developed further when it came to choosing my A-levels‚ where I was
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continents were joined in a super-continent‚ which scientists call Pangaea. Over a vast period of time‚ the continents drifted apart to their current locations. Alfred Wegener first supported continental drift. What is the study of earthquakes? Seismology What are faults‚ fold trench and
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A volcano is a rupture on the crust of a planetary mass object‚ such as the Earth‚ which allows hot lava‚ volcanic ash‚ and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface. Earth’s volcanoes occur because the planet’s crust is broken into 17 major‚ rigid tectonic plates that float on a hotter‚ softer layer in the Earth’s mantle.[1] Therefore‚ on Earth‚ volcanoes are generally found where tectonic plates are diverging or converging. For example‚ a mid-oceanic ridge‚ such as the Mid-Atlantic
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indicate flowing oil‚ as well as sensitive magnetometers to measure tiny changes in the Earth’s magnetic field caused by flowing oil. They are able to detect the smell of hydrocarbons using sensitive electronic noses called sniffers. Most commonly seismology is used‚ which creates shock waves that pass through unseen rock layers and interpreting the waves that are reflected back to the surface. I do believe that the United States should
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question as seismologists who have been concerned for many years with the detection of clandestine explosions by seismic methods and with means of distinguishing undercover explosions from earthquakes. We are certain that the the state of knowledge of seismology and the techniques for monitoring seismic waves are sufficient to ensure that a feasible seismic network could soon detect a clandestine underground testing program involving explosions as little as one kiloton. In short‚ ‚ the technical capabilities
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Reflection (physics) From Wikipedia‚ the free encyclopedia The reflection of Mount Hood in Mirror Lake. Reflection is the change in direction of a wavefront at an interface between two different media so that the wavefront returns into the medium from which it originated. Common examples include the reflection of light‚ sound and water waves. The law of reflection says that for specular reflection the angle at which the wave is incident on the surface equals the angle at which it is reflected
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tragedy‚ and the people affected need our help. This earthquake was a 7.1 magnitude earthquake. If you don’t know anything about earthquakes‚ just know that that is massive! Renato Solidum‚ the director of the Philippine Institute Of Volcanology and Seismology‚ stated that he thought the East Bohol Fault caused the monstrous earthquake. Imagine waking up on October 15th 2013‚ and having your world turned upside down just like that. Other people that were not affected by the quake physically‚ were affected
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Surface Waves: Understanding its movements I. Introduction We treat here an important wave phenomenon‚ the surface wave. It occurs in many physical systems both mechanical and electromagnetic. Mechanical surface waves can exist at the interface between two media with different densities such as the oceans and air. Ordinary sea waves and tsunamis are surface waves. Seismic events can produce both longitudinal and shear waves at the earth’s surface‚ resulting in earthquakes. Electromagnetic surface
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