is called Maradeka. MALAYSIA Today in Malaysia‚ in which Malaya‚ Sabah‚ Sarawak and Singapore merged in 1963‚ the term still remains pertinent in the present. It can be seen in the Malaysian national holiday of Hari Merdeka‚ commemorating Malaya’s independence on 31 August 1957‚ and Dataran Merdeka (Independence Square) where the first ceremony raising the flag of Malaya was held following independence. Sabah and Sarawak in North Borneo were to officially join Malaysia on 31 August 1963 but due
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Federal Court Superior Courts Court of Appeal High Court(Malaya) High Court(Sabah&Sarawak) Syariah Court Syariah Court Native Court Sessions Court
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FEDERALISM IN MALAYSIA By: Iffa Syafiqa Introduction The existence of federalism in Malaysian history dates back in 1895 during the establishment of the Federated Malay States which are the ‘Protected States’ of Selangor‚ Negeri Sembilan‚ Pahang and Perak. Federation of Malaya then came later in 1948 with the unification of the nine Malay states and Settlements of Penang and Malacca by the British. Federal principle was described by K.C. Wheare as "the method of dividing powers so that the general
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THE CONSTITUTION OF MALAYSIA The Constitution is a document that contains the highest laws of the country. No other law can contravene the constitution. The Federal Constitution (Malaysia) we have today is based on the Constitution of the Federal of Malaya presented by the Reid Commission in 1957. The 1957 document was amended to suit the requirements of the enlarge federation and put into effects as the Constitution when Malaysia was proclaimed on 16 September 1963. SOURCE OF LAW IN MALAYSIA
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extensive affirmative action programs were instituted to favor the majority‚ the Bumiputera ‚ which translates to ‘sons of the soil’. Bumiputera is a term to embrace the Malay people of the Malay Archipelago‚ including indigenous groups from Sabah and Sarawak‚ which joined the Peninsula to form Malaysia in 1963. The Malaysian Federal Constitution has clauses specifically addressing the area of Malay rights but does not explicitly protect any Bumiputera rights per se. Article 153 of the Malaysian Constitution
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INTRODUCTION Large or small hydropower‚ still far the most important of the renewable energy for electrical power production worldwide‚ providing 19% of planet’s electricity. However‚ hydropower on a small scale remains the most effective energy technologies to be considered for rural electrification in less develops country. The advantages of small hydro technology are the system can last for 50 years or more with less maintenance and also environmental friendly. Malaysian government has launched
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courts are therefore federal. Even if the issue being litigated is one involving a state law‚ land matters‚ it would be tried in the courts constituted by federal law. The only state courts are: the Syariah Courts and the Native Courts in Sabah and Sarawak Organization of Courts Superior Courts Federal Court High High Court of Court of Malaya Borneo Sessions Court Sessions Court Subordinate Courts MagisJuvenile trates’ Court Court Penghulu’s Court Magistrates’ Court Juvenile Court Superior Courts
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it help boost economy‚ but also not damage the environment. Such cases are found in Sarawak‚ East Malaysia where it has become a popular ecotourism destination and has attracted many visitors due to its vast number of cultural and natural attractions. The statistics show that Sarawak earns 5% of its gross national product from tourism‚ and this income can be used to conserve the nature and physical parts of Sarawak. Therefore we can see here that economy is being boosted and eco-tourism certainly
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1 Malaysia is a federation - Shall be known‚ in Malay and in English‚ by the name Malaysia. - States of the Federation shall be Johore‚ Kedah‚ Kelantan‚ Malacca‚ Negeri Sembilan‚ Pahang‚ Penang‚ Perak‚ Perlis‚ Sabah‚ Sarawak‚ Selangor and Trengganu. - The territory of the State of Selangor shall exclude the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur established under the Constitution (Amendment) (No. 2) Act 1973 and the territory of the State of Sabah shall exclude the Federal
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Festivals and celebrations in Malaysia Malaysia has a number of festivals and celebrations‚ most of which are either religious or cultural in origin‚ and are swathed in traditions and rituals. Malaysia. A country where one can experience a multitude of cultural celebrations and festivals‚ as well as‚ and most importantly‚ good food(!) all year round.Almost every month of the year‚ tourists and locals alike immerse themselves in one celebration or another‚ thanks to the diverse cultural practices
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