the body 2. Nerves from parts of the body C. Functions 1. Sensory a. receptors for stimuli (receive stimulus) b. peripheral nerves (carry impulses to CNS) c. activities monitored 1) light intensity (visual) 2) sound intensity (auditory) 3) temperature 4) oxygen concentration 5) internal fluid conditions 2. Motor a. peripheral nerves (carry impulses from CNS) b. effectors (muscles & glands) 3. Integration (CNS) a. create sensations (awareness) b. add to memory c. help produce thoughts
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Neurophysiology Study Guide 1. Define "equilibrium potential". Why is the resting potential closer to the potassium equilibrium potential (EK+) than the sodium potential (ENa+)? The equilibrium potential is the point at which the force exerted on an ion by electrostatic and concentration gradient forces are balanced‚ and there is no net movement of that ion. The resting potential is closer to EK+ than ENa+ because the cell membrane is more permeable to
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A key choice writers make is how they name or refer to characters in their stories. Write about the significance of the choices writers have made in naming or referring to their characters in the three texts you have studies. In the three texts I have studies the writers all name and refer to their characters in different ways. For example in The Road the characters are not given names and in Small
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Autonomic Nervous System Nerve Tissue – neurons (nerve fibers) and specialized cells (Schwann‚ neuroglia) 1. Neuron cell body contains the nucleus; cell bodies are in the CNS or trunk; protected by bone 2. Axon carries impulses away from the cell body; dendrites carry impulses toward it 3. Schwann cells in PNS: - Layers of cell membrane form the myelin sheath to electrically insulate neurons - nodes of Ranvier: spaces between adjacent Schwann cells - Nuclei & cytoplasm of Schwann cells form the
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refractory period. b. During the relative refractory period‚ the cell can generate another action potential but only if the membrane more depolarized. 7. a. Conduction velocity along the axon is increased by what two characteristics? 1. increased diameter 2. presence of myelin b. Conduction along a myelinated axon is called saltatory conduction. 8. a. Name the disease whose symptoms include loss of vision and increasing muscle weakness: Multiple sclerosis (from the quiz section) b. What does
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muscle contraction Introduction For a skeletal muscle fiber to contract‚ a stimulus must be applied to it. The stimulus is delivered by a nerve cell‚ or neuron. A neuron has a threadlike process called and axon that my run 91 cm or more to a muscle. A bundle of such fibers from man different neurons composes a nerve. A neuron that stimulates muscle tissue is called a motor neuron. The motor neuron branches into terminal structures called telodendria that come into close approximation with
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The formation of an action potential can be divided into five steps. (1) A stimulus from a sensory cell or another neuron causes the target cell to depolarize toward the threshold potential. (2) If the threshold of excitation is reached‚ all Na+ channels open and the membrane depolarizes. (3) At the peak action potential‚ K+ channels open and K+ begins to leave the cell. At the same time‚ Na+ channels close. (4) The membrane becomes hyperpolarized as K+ ions continue to leave the cell. The
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Chapter 11 – Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue I. The 3 Overlapping Functions: a. Sensory Input: b. Integration: c. Motor Output: II. Levels of Organization in the Nervous System: a. Central Nervous System (CNS): b. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS): i. Sensory (afferent) Division: ii. Motor (efferent) Division: 1. Somatic Nervous System: 2. Autonomic Nervous System (ANS): a. Sympathetic Division: b. Parasympathetic
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innovation and economic development. What role do creativity and problem solving play in this relationship? Refer to both theory and examples from the business world to support your discussion. Entrepreneurship‚ innovation and economic development are linked to one another through different factors and characteristics of each other. Entrepreneurship “is the result of what entrepreneurs do and refers to events and their economic impact” (Lumsdaine E‚ Binks M 2007 P11). This definition demonstrates that
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At the end of the play‚ Malcolm‚ the newly crowned King of Scotland describes Lady Macbeth as a ’fiend-like queen. ’ To a certain extent this judgement is true‚ yet Lady Macbeth has to actually evoke evil spirits to help prevent her from feeling any compassion or warmth. The evil spirits ’unsex ’ Lady Macbeth and remove all feminine qualities from her‚ trading them for evil‚ proving that deep down there must be some good in her if she has to call for some outside help to aid her with her deeds
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