What is the New Public Management? And how has it expressed itself in the workings of public bureaucracies in the Caribbean? Introduction During the last twenty years‚ various public administrations of countries in Europe‚ North America‚ Latin America and the Caribbean‚ were characterised by a practical reform movement defined by Hood (1991) as the New Public Management (NPM). This is documented by other scholars such as Gernod Gruening (1998)[1]‚ and Paul Sutton (2003). Throughout the
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A toilet is a sanitation fixture used primarily for the disposal of human excrement and urine‚ often found in a small room referred to as a toilet/bathroom/lavatory. Flush toilets‚ which are common in many parts of the world‚ may be connected to a nearby septic tank or more commonly in urban areas via "large" (3–6 inches‚ 7.6–15 cm) sewer pipe connected to asewerage pipe system. The water and waste from many different sources is piped in large pipes to a more distant sewage treatment plant. Chemical
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Working Outline Why Everyone Should Listen to Music General topic: to inform Specific topic: to inform about the benefits of listening to music Thesis: Today‚ I am going to inform you about the benefits you can receive from listening to music. Introduction I. Attention-Getting Device: Do you ever listen to music to change your mood‚ entertain you‚ or to pump you up? II. Thesis: Today‚ I am going to inform you about the benefits you can receive from listening to music. III. Listener Relevance:
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PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION Nutrients 1. Carbohydrates 2. Proteins 3. Lipids 4. Vitamins 5. Minerals 6. Water – functions: a. Solvent b. A lubricant c. Transport medium d. Regulate body temperature 7. Macronutrients – carbohydrates‚ proteins‚ lipids required in grams‚ kilograms 8. Micronutrients – vitamins and minerals needed in micrograms or milligrams 9. Energy needed for a. Basic body functions/basal metabolism (60 – 75% total energy requirement) b. Physical activity (15 – 30%)
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Public Corporation: 1. It is an instrument of the Government. It is also called statutory corporation. 2. It is a purely commercial. 3. It is an autonomous body. 4. Examples: ONGC‚ RTC‚ LIC‚ FCI‚ Damodar Valley Corporation‚ Air India‚ etc 5. There are two different basic concepts in the management of public corporations‚ viz. autonomy and accountability. 6. The structure of the public corporation cannot be amended by Government itself. The structure of the public corporation
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Public Borrowing Public borrowing defined Public borrowing is money government borrows to fund public spending‚ the total amount of money that a country’s central government has borrowed to fund its spending on public services and benefits.[1] Public debt - the total of the nation’s debts: debts of local‚ state‚ and national governments; an indicator of how much public spending is financed by borrowing instead of taxation. [2] Origin of Public Borrowing [4] Mercantilist Period (1500-1750)
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BRE499 Dissertation Title: An Analysis on Tendering Decision in Hong Kong Construction Industry: The Contractor Perspective Department: Department of Building and Real Estate Supervisor: Ms Sandy L.Y. TANG Course: BSc (Hons) in Surveying (Part-time) Submitted by: WONG Yu-fung Student ID: 05507045T Submission Date: 2nd April 2009 Declaration I declare that the completed Dissertation represents my own work‚ except where due acknowledgement is made‚ and
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7 CULTURAL DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE PRIVATE AND PUBLIC SECTORS We often wish that there were more businessmen in government. That would be good for business and good for government. Yet the experience of those who are drafted into ministerial office from the business community is usually frustrating. The latest example is Digby Jones‚ former Director General of the Confederation of British Industry‚ which represents big business in the UK. In June 2007 he was appointed Minister of Trade by the
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Economic Commission for Africa Public Sector Management Reforms in Africa Economic Commission for Africa ECA/DPMD/PSM/TP/03/1 Public Sector Management Reforms in Africa: Lessons Learned Development Policy Management Division (DPMD) Addis Ababa‚ Ethiopia December 2003 For this and other publications‚ please visit the ECA website at the following address: http://www.uneca.org or contact: Publications Economic Commission for Africa P.O. Box 3001 Addis Ababa‚ Ethiopia Tel.: 251-1-44
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New public management (NPM) changes the focus of public servants from administration to management. Traditional Public Administration (TPA) takes the view that managers have a more policy-making focus. This management style is as much‚ if not more concerned‚ with how goals are accomplished then the goal itself. Thus management is concerned with making sure that policies are in place to ensure that processes are in compliance with government regulations‚ are fair and equitable‚ have the public
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