Introduction: This experiment focuses on carrying out a Perkin Reaction to synthesize (E) and (Z) isomers of α-phenylcinnamic acid. This was accomplished by refluxing benzaldehyde‚ phenylacetic acid‚ acetic anhydride and triethylamine as a base. The chemical equation of a Perkin Reaction can be seen below. The reaction mechanism for the synthesis of α-phenylcinnamic acid is shown below: Results: Theoretical Yield Therefore‚ phenylacetic acid is the limiting reagent. Table
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Experiment 3: Wittig Reaction Introduction This experiment performs a modified Wittig reaction using a phosphorus-containing Hornes-Emmons-Wittig reagent to generate an enolate anion of trimethyl phosphonoacetate instead of a phosphorus ylide. The methyl trans-4-methoxy cinnamate produced is then analyzed using melting point and 1H NMR spectroscopy. Theory The Wittig reaction prepares alkenes from carbonyl compounds by attacking a phosphorus ylide with a nucleophilic carbon atom stabilized by
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Letters 2013‚ Volume 1‚ Issue 1 A Perkin Reaction: Synthesis of (E)- and (Z)-Phenylcinnamic acids Thusanth Jogarajah‚ Dr. Lana Mikhaylichenko * Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences‚ University of Toronto Scarborough‚ 1265 Military Trial‚ Scarborough‚ ON‚ M1C 1A4 Received: February 6‚ 2013; E-mail Thusanth.Jogarajah@mail.utoronto.ca Abstract – Add text here Introduction: The name of this reaction is called the Perkin’s reaction. The reaction was first used by William Perkin to
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Reaction on Reaction Paper The first thing that came to my mind when I have heard about Reaction paper is “What exactly is it?” and before I get an understanding of that‚ I resisted that change. But later‚ when I have studied about it and understood its purpose‚ I have started thinking “Why people avoid change at the first look without an analysis?” The general human tendency is to live in a comfortable zone in which he has lived for quite some time. He draws a circle‚ thinks that circle is his
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Properties and Reactions of Hydrocarbons Abstract Introduction Hydrocarbons are organic materials that contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms‚ these molecules can be saturated or unsaturated and acyclic‚ cyclic‚ or aromatic. In this experiment we used a variety of methods to examine the physical and chemical properties of hydrocarbons. The first experiment we tested a variety of solvents to see if they dissolved our alkane (Decalin). One would expect that non-polar solvents will dissolve
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PUTTING IT TOGETHER: Classifying Chemical Reactions Purpose: To observe and differentiate between the four different types of chemical reactions. Variables: The independent variables are the sodium chloride‚ sodium carbonate‚ magnesium‚copper‚ copper (11) sulfate‚ silver nitrate‚ oxygen‚ lead(11) nitrate‚ sodium carbonate‚ copper (11) sulfate pentahydrate. The dependent variables are the chemical reactions that are being looked for. For example decomposition‚ synthesis‚ single displacement or double
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Elimination Reactions ________________________________________ As described previously‚ primary alkyl halides generally undergo substitution reactions with simple nucleophiles by an SN2 mechanism. Secondary alkyl halides‚ often react with simple basic nucleophiles to give a mixture of products arising from both substitution and elimination. As with substitution reactions‚ the rate at which elimination reactions proceed can be proportional to both the concentration of the base and the concentration
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ASSIGNMENT in DOMESTIC TOURISM and GEOGRAPHY *Rehabilitation of EDSA* *Reclamation of Manila Bay* Submitted by: NAEG‚ Nelian N. III-CTM Submitted to: Prof. Arnold Germina Reaction Paper Rehabilitation of EDSA: The rehabilitation of EDSA is one of the nicest ideas to ease the traffic in Metro Manila especially it is a major highway and almost everybody use it. In contrast to that‚ Pres. Aquino is right to suspend it and make further study about it. Surely‚ it will take time to
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Engana‚ Mary Gwen Stefani D. IA12117 Aug. 23 2013 Prof. Domingo Barcarse Reaction Paper We all have individual differences‚ as well as Ishaan in the movie that has dyslexia. He is a person that just cannot seem to get anything right in class but are more interested in his surrounding like in arts‚ animals and playing games. Though
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Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP)‚ and the Muslim separatist movement of the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF). One of his first actions was to arrest opposition politicians in Congress and the Constitutional Convention. Initial public reaction to martial law was mostly favourable except in Muslim areas of the south‚ where a separatist rebellion‚ led by the MNLF‚ broke out in 1973. Despite half-hearted attempts to negotiate a cease-fire‚ the rebellion continued to claim thousands of military
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