Cost/profit estimates Finance Cash flow and funding Human Resources Hiring/recruiting/training Marketing Pricing‚ promotion‚ strategy MIS IT/IS systems‚ services Operations Schedules‚ MRP‚ workloads Product/service design New products and services F EATURES COMMON TO ALL FORECASTS Assumes causal system p ast ==> future Forecasts rarely perfect because of r andomness Forecasts more accurate for g roups vs. individuals Forecast accuracy decreases
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PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE (PLC) (Compiled by Deep Banerjee‚ Marketingpundit.com) Product Life Cycle (PLC) is based upon the biological life cycle. For example‚ a seed is planted (introduction); it begins to sprout (growth); it shoots out leaves and puts down roots as it becomes an adult (maturity); after a long period as an adult the plant begins to shrink and die out (decline). The conditions under which a product is sold will also change over time. The Product Life Cycle refers to the succession of stages
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Product Life Cycle Introduction: This paper aims at analysing the usefulness of the Product Life Cycle (PLC) concept to the marketers. It will describe the different stages of the PLC concept and their respective implications on the marketing mix and the strategies which can be adopted during the different phases. Every new product right from its entrance in the market till its elimination from the market goes through a certain sequence of stages known as Product Life Cycle. There are four stages
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of marketing i.e. product ‚ price‚ place and promotional activities. Product Life Cycle : Product Life cycle is the process through which products pass through several stages of development in its life from introduction to decline. It describes the stages a product goes through from when it was first thought of until it finally is removed from the market. Not all products reach this final stage. Some continue to grow and others rise and fall. Stages of product life cycle include : 1) Development
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7. PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE: - Successful new products may not last forever‚ during its life. Sales /profits generated for by-product may vary. - Variance depends on the market demand for product changing needs level is described by demand cycle curve such as: - Demand may also decline due to a change in technology. - Based on demand for a product it may be possible to create a concept that provides insights of the product’s competitive dynamics. This is called PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE. - PLC
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The product life cycle concept is the explanation of the product from its birth to death as a product exists in different stages and in different competitive environments. William j.stanton Like humans every product have certain length of life during which it passes through various stages ‚ which can conceptually be represented as product ageing process. Similar to human life a product`s life can also divided into four parts. Introductory stage Growth stage Maturity stage Decline stage
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Product Lifecycle Management Stage 4: Decline The decline stage of the product life cycle is the one where the product ultimately ’dies’ due to the low or negative growth rate in sales (see Figure 1). Profitability will fall‚ eventually to the point where it is no longer profitable to produce‚ and production will stop. As a number of companies start to dominate the market‚ it becomes increasingly difficult for the company in question to maintain its level of sales. Consumer tastes also change
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I. 5 Reasons why new products fail 1. A Lack of Resources - Resources have a funny way of disappearing when you most need them. If we are talking about human resources then you will find that your team members end up stretched and pulled all over the place once the work starts to pick up in earnest. In terms of other resources such as office equipment‚ it can be important to plan well ahead and order anything you are going to need a long time before you actually need it. 2. Project Plan Ignored
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inventory management and type of operations model we use. The market analysis gives us the clear picture of the present situation and how we handle the situation for our benefit. How we form a brand and spread the awareness customers. The marketing also segregates the customer segment and how we reach them. It also talks about the advertisement strategy. The financials take care of the capital estimation‚ breakeven analysis‚ and profit estimation. It also talks about the fund sourcing‚ fund
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Introduction Phase The introduction phase is when the public first sees or hears about a product. The product appears in stores for the first time‚ and people start seeing print and television ads. During this phase‚ a company may choose one of two pricing strategies. They may set prices high to recoup initial expenses that went into producing the product. For example‚ a cellphone manufacturer with new technology may introduce cellphones 10 percent to 20 percent above the prices of most premium
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