1. Different methods to administer IV drugs include: 1. As mixtures within large volumes of IV fluids 2. By injection of a bolus or small volume of medication through an existing IV line or intermittent venous access 3. By “piggyback” infusion of a solution containing the prescribed medication and a small volume of IV fluid through an existing line 2. An IV bolus is when you administer a small amount of fluid directly into the systemic circulation in order to deliver the medication. 3. Volume
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CHAPTER CHEICAL BASIS OF LIFE OUTLINE The human body is composed of chemicals. Chemistry describes the composition of substances & how chemicals react with each other. STRUCTURE OF MATTER ELEMENTS are composed of atoms‚ which are the smallest unit of element MATTER is composed of elements ATOMIC STRUCTURE • A complete atom is electrically neutral • Atom consists of elements‚ protons‚ & neutrons • Electrons are negative charge & • Neutrons are uncharged( neutral) • Atomic number is equal
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Bio 30 Cell Questions Question Sheet McDougal Littell Biology Textbook – Page 70 3.1 Cell Theory 1. Explain the three major principles of cell theory in your own words. 2. What characteristics are shared by most cells? 3. How did improvements in the microscope help scientists form the cell theory? 4. How do prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells differ? 5. Today‚ scientists can study human cell grown in petri dishes. Explain how this technique builds on the work of early
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III. Research- Sport drinks are most times are divided into three groups‚ which are Isotonic‚ Hypertonic‚ and Hypotonic. They are categorized by the concentration of electrolytes. Isotonic sports drinks contain similar concentrations of electrolytes as those found in the human body. Hypertonic sports drinks contain higher concentrations of electrolytes than what is found in the body. Hypotonic sport drinks contain a lower concentration of electrolytes than what is contained in the body
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Key Terms Active transport: membrane proteins use cellular energy (usually ATP) to move molecules or ions across a plasma membrane against their concentration gradient. Allele: different forms of a gene • genotype – the combination of alleles in an organism. Aquaporin: a specialised channel protein in the plasma membrane of a cell‚ which is selectively permeable to water. Attachment protein: a protein in the plasma membrane of a cell that attaches either to the cytoskeleton inside the cell‚
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The purpose of this lab was to observe the rate of osmosis and diffusion‚ as well as the effect of molecular size of the particles on this rate. Part I of the lab was a demonstration of osmosis and diffusion‚ that dealt with raisins in different liquid environments‚ each with a different concentration of sugar. Part IV of the lab was using the same idea as the demonstration‚ by putting objects in different concentrations of a substance; in this case elodea leaves in salt water. In both cases‚ the
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potential. 2. When the two solutions on either sides of the membrane are equal and no net movement is detected‚ the solutions are isotonic. This means that the solutions have the same concentration of solutes. If two solutions differ in the concentration of solutes that each has‚ the one with more solute is hypertonic. The solution that has less solute is hypotonic. 3. This experiment was performed to measure the osmosis of small molecules through cellulose bag (has the same structure that plant
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of blood plasma‚ not of total body water. Bothe are regulated through independent mechanisms in humans and should not be conflated. Some authors have reported three types of dehydration based on serum sodium levels : hypotonic or hyponatremic‚ hypertonic or hypernatremic‚ and isotonic or isometric. Indeed‚ in humans‚ it has been commonly thought that the most commonly
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Identify causes of specific types of hyponatremia and hypernatremia‚ including drug-induced causes * Hyponatremia * Hypotonic: Renal and Nonrenal Losses‚ Polydipsia‚ SIADH‚ HypOthyroidism‚ CHF‚ Cirrhosis‚ Adrenal insufficiency‚ Nephrotic Syndrome/CRF * Isotonic: Hyperlipidemia‚ Hyperproteinemia * 275-290 mOsm/L * Hypertonic: Hyperglycemia‚ Mannitol‚ Sorbitol * >290 mOsm/L * Hypernatremia * Hypovolemic: Free water loss
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CHAPTER 6 (SECTION 6.3) Bonding Carbon- 4 bonds attached Oxygen- 2 bonds attached Hydrogen- 1 bond attached Purines vs. Pyrimidines Purines- adenine & guanine Pyrimidines- cytosine‚ thymine (DNA)‚ uracil (RNA) Pentose vs. Hexose sugars Pentose- 5 carbon atoms Hexose- 6 carbon atoms Carbohydrates Empirical Formula CH2O Hydrolysis vs. Condensation Reactions Hydrolysis- using water to break down protein into amino acids Condensation Reaction- nucleotides Enzymes- a protein
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