Revision of DTM for chapter 1 & 2 Function of physical distribution management and distribution channels 1) Definition of physical distribution management – Used in manufacturing and commerce to describe the broad range of activities concerned w/ the efficient movement of finished products from end of production line to consumer. * Emphasizes the flow of materials from the point of manufacture industrial user * Implies the control of the flow End consumers Products supply > Warehousing
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PRELIMINARY EXAM IN CHANNEL MANAGEMENT CHANNEL MANAGEMENT HISTORY OF PROCTER & GAMBLE: Procter & Gamble Co.‚ also known as P&G‚ is an American multinational consumer goods company headquartered in downtown Cincinnati‚ Ohio‚ United States. Its products include pet foods‚ cleaning agents‚ and personal care products. Prior to the sale of Pringles to the Kellogg Company‚ its product line included foods and beverages.[2] In 2012‚ P&G recorded $83.68 billion in
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RETAIL HEARTBEAT Pulse Report: Channel blurring In a fiercely competitive environment‚ retailers can win market share by better addressing shoppers’ and consumers’ evolving needs. Faced with budget constraints and higher food and fuel prices‚ many shoppers are trimming basket size to save money while making more frequent trips to nearby drug‚ dollar and grocery stores‚ according to new analysis from SymphonyIRI Group. In turn‚ drug and dollar retailers have boosted their food and beverage offerings
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Audit Sampling Using Statistical Methods Presented By: Abhishek Agrawal AUDIT SAMPLING • Application of an audit procedure to less than 100% of the items in a population – Account balance – Class of transactions • Examination “on a test basis” • Key: Sample is intended to be representative of the population. APIPA 2009 2 SAMPLING RISK • Possibility that the sample is NOT representative of the population • As a result‚ auditor will reach WRONG conclusion • Decision errors – Type
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DQ 2 Consider the different communities to which you belong: 1. What is the geopolitical community in which a person would live? Why is it geopolitical? Maurer and Smith (2008) define a geopolitical community as “a spatial designation—a geographic or geopolitical area or place.” (p. 400) This can be illustrated by looking at the natural or human-made boundaries in which people live in. For example‚ a group of people whom all live in Sedona‚ Arizona can be described as living in a geopolitical
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formula can be a combination of values (numbers or cell references) and math operators (+‚ -‚ /‚ *‚ =) into an algebraic expression. Excel requires every formula to begin with an equal sign (=). The following table illustrates the mathematical operators learned in school and those represented in Excel 2003. | |School |Excel 2003 | |Addition |+ |+ | |Subtraction
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India’s Population 2012 Current Population of India in 2012 | 1‚220‚200‚000 (1.22 billion) | Total Male Population in India | 628‚800‚000 (628.8 million) | Total Female Population in India | 591‚400‚000 (591.4 million) | Sex Ratio | 940 females per 1‚000 males | Age structure | 0 to 25 years | 50% of India’s current population | Currently‚ there are about 51 births in India in a minute. | India’s Population in 2011 | 1.21 billion | India’s Population in 2001 | 1.02 billion | Population
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Reformation for the Health of the Population Population health is an ever progressing branch of medicine that is fundamentally concerned with improving the health of a population as opposed to the sole health of the individual. Advances in technology continue to improve the average life expectancy‚ yet the American healthcare system is failing to evolve. Insurance companies routinely collect huge profits‚ yet a significant portion of the American population remains subject to poor health care. Reconstructions
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OVER POPULATION “Whether we accept it or not‚ this will likely be the century that determines what the optimal human population is for our planet. It will come about in one of two ways: Either we decide to manage our own numbers‚ to avoid a collision of every line on civilization’s graph – or nature will do it for us‚ in the form of famines‚ thirst‚ climate chaos‚ crashing ecosystems‚ opportunistic disease and wars over dwindling resources that finally cut us down to size” – Alan Weisman
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Statistical Sampling for Testing Control Procedures 1. Statistical Sampling for Testing Control Procedures 2. MULTIPLE CHOICE 3. 1. Auditors who prefer statistical sampling to non-statistical sampling may do so because statistical sampling helps the auditor 4. a. Measure the sufficiency of the evidential matter obtained. b. Eliminate subjectivity in the evaluation of sampling results. c. Reduce the level of tolerable error to a relatively low amount. d. Minimize the failure to detect a material misstatement
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