was later embalmed and sent to the pope as a trophy. For three days Thousands of Huguenots including women and children were murdered in Paris. A decree went out to purge France of heretics. Massacres were carried out all over the country‚ with death toll estimates ranging wildly‚ from thousands to as high as 110‚000. Regardless‚ an amnesty granted in 1573 pardoned the perpetrators. When news of the massacre reached the Vatican‚ there was rejoicing. Pope Gregory XIII actually had a commemorative
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As I lay down‚ slowly bleeding to death‚ I know I did what any Christian soldier would do. Fighting for God and the Pope‚ this sacrifice will give me the right of passage to heaven for‚ I justify my deeds to save the holy land where Jesus‚ my savior‚ died for my sins. During the Middle Ages‚ religion was the way of life. With a strong heart full of faith‚ a conflict between the Christians and Muslims emerged‚ resulting in the Crusades: any of the military expeditions undertaken by the Christians
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of Limoges‚ France. At that time‚ the city was famous for its enamels on copper which were exported for all over Christendom. The archangel Saint Michael was an important figure in French‚ started by a vision of Saint Michael to the 6th century Pope Gregory the great when he was praying to him. The archangel Saint Michael also appeared to some monks and requested them to build a monastery with his name. The legend tells that it was St. Michael that protected to Daniel (figure in the Catholic bible)
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Gianlorenzo Bernini Kelsey Hardy Born in 1598 in Naples‚ Gianlorenzo Bernini would go on to dominate the art world with his sculptures and architecture. Bernini was born to sculptor Pietro Bernini and Angelica Galante. He was the sixth of thirteen children. Bernini would not marry until May 1639‚ when he wed twenty-two year old Caterina Tezio. She bore him eleven children. He later died in Rome in 1680 and was buried in the Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore. Bernini’s career began under his
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Phillips (2002) Bull (1999) Tyerman (2006) Religion ‘God’s favour dictated much of their lives‚ and explained both natural and man-made events’ Eternal damnation – ‘A prime concern for the medieval man was to avoid the terrors of the afterlife’ – ‘torments of hell so violently depicted’ Pilgrimage was extremely popular – saints used as intermediaries Need to atone for one’s sins – emphasised by reform of the papacy Stereotypes of Islam and Muslims as ‘idolatrous polytheists’ Perception of
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"She enhanced the grandeur of her birth by the honesty of her life‚ the purity of her morals‚ the flower of her virtues; and in the conduct of her blameless life‚ she surpassed almost all the queens of the world (Kelly 387)." This is a description of Eleanor of Aquitaine. Eleanor of Aquitaine is a captivating woman who defied her time; she is more successful than any ruler of her time. Her influence is significant in both her own era and today. Eleanor of Aquitaine had a long life until the age of
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art‚ literature‚ and philosophies were influenced by those of the time of the ancient Greeks and Romans. The end of the Battle of Bosworth marked the beginning of the renaissance and the ascension of King Henry VII. Henry won the throne through the victory against Richard III. Henry VII also marked the last of the monarchy who gained the crown through means of bloodshed. It was under his ruling that the feudal system was abolished. The feudal system was a social organization that was based upon
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St. Francis of Assisi was one of the most famous of saints. So popular‚ the current pope‚ Pope Francis chose this as his catholic name – the patron saint of animals. St. Francis was born in either 1181 or 1182 (no one is sure) but he died in 1226 at the age of 45. St. Francis born and died in the same city Assisi‚ Italy‚ which is near Rome. Born to the name of Giovanni (John) deBernardone‚ his father began calling him Francesco‚ which mean “the Frenchman”. No one knows why his father called him
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else that threatened the church. As a result‚ Pope Gregory IX began the papal inquisition in 1231. Despite it’s name‚ the inquisition was a series of brutal and gruesome ways of punishment rather than interrogation. In the beginning‚ the inquisitors hunted major heretical groups such as the Cathari and Waldenses‚ but eventually they began persecuting blasphemers‚ witches‚ sexual offenders‚ homosexuals‚ etc. The Inquisition was not organized as the popes couldn’t control inquisitors who sometimes abused
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the role of the state. Its foundations are widely considered to have been laid by Pope Leo XIII’s 1891 encyclical letter Rerum Novarum‚ which advocated economic Distributism and condemned both Capitalism and Socialism‚ although its roots can be traced to the writings of Catholic thinkers such as St. Thomas Aquinas and St. Augustine of Hippo‚ and is also derived from concepts present in the Bible. According to Pope Benedict XVI‚ its purpose "is simply to help purify reason and to contribute‚ here
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