the charophytes – gave rise to plants. Cooksonia‚ a simple branching plant a few centimeters tall‚ evolved by 430 million years ago. It took another 160 million years for the taller Psilophyton to evolve. Then the evolutionary pace picked up. It took only 60 million years for plants radiate from the swampy lowlands to high mountains and nearly all places in between. They did so through modifications in their structure‚ function‚ and reproductive modes. Roots‚ Stems‚ and Leaves Underground
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Plant Tissue Culture 151 Chapter 9 Plant Tissue Culture Techniques Lorraine Mineo Department of Biology Lafayette College Easton‚ Pennsylvania 18042 Lorraine Buzas Mineo (B.S.‚ Muhlenberg College; M.A.‚ Duke University) is a lecturer in the Department of Biology‚ Lafayette College‚ and has taught botany since 1978 and supervised the General Biology Laboratories since 1970. Research interests in physiological and forest ecology have culminated in several publications. Other interests include
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Experimenting with Plant Growth Team Rocket Science Introduction: The purpose of the experiment was to establish whether the concentration of Schultz fertilizer that was added to the radish seeds effects the speed of growth during the six-week time frame of the study. The major variables with this study are proficient communications among the team‚ the seeds‚ soil‚ water concentration‚ fertilizer‚ light exposure‚ temperature of the room‚ consistency of following watering (watering the plant same time every
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2011 Plants and Nitrogen Lab Report Introduction: Plants need ammonia‚ a combination of nitrogen and hydrogen‚ or nitrate‚ a form of inorganic nitrogen to grow. Most nitrogen is found in the atmosphere. However‚ plants and animals cannot directly absorb the nitrogen found in the atmosphere. Instead nitrogen gas is captured from the air by species of bacteria that lie in the water‚ soil‚ or grow on the roots of some plants. These bacteria convert the nitrogen into a form usable by plants. The
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Plant Adaptation Investigation Observations Samples of plants were obtained during the campus tour. In order survive in the harsh climate of deserts‚ plants must adapt in function‚ reproduction‚ support‚ and defense. Although plants on campus are watered frequently‚ they live in a mostly xeric environment. Three types of cacti were observed: organ pipe‚ prickly pear‚ and saguaro. The organ pipe contains no leaves and has narrow stems that carry out photosynthesis and store water. Neither the
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Science-104 Question: Does different types of water affect how high a plant will grow? Golden pothos‚ also known as devil’s ivy‚ is an ideal houseplant; it’s attractive‚ hardy‚ tolerant of many lighting conditions but fond of low light‚ fast-growing‚ pest-repellent‚ safe around children and pets‚ and almost impossible to kill. The golden pothos vine is one of the most popular and dependable houseplants available today. These plants grow to giant proportions in their native habitats. Their mature
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Role of mycorrhizas in the mineral nutrition of host plants Mycorrhizas are very important in the uptake of nutrients such as P‚ N‚ K‚ Cu‚ Zn and Ca by plants especially in soils low in these nutrients. Since P is the most limiting nutrient in tropical soils‚ mycorrhizas are vital for improving P nutrition particularly for cultivated plants. External hyphae can absorb and translocate P to the host from soil outside the root depletion zone. The thin mycorrhizal hyphae (2-4 μm in diameter) are able
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deforestation keeps on happening? I strongly believe that we need to stop deforestation before it is too late‚ or else we‚ humans‚ will suffer a lot from it. It has been told that forests are our world lungs. As many of us have known‚ every green plant can do photosynthesis‚ a process of producing oxygen from carbon dioxide. If deforestation keeps on happening‚ our oxygen supply will also deplete. That’s one thing I can guarantee. It means that we won’t have enough air to breathe with and it will
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Green plants absorb light energy using chlorophyll in their leaves. They use it to react carbon dioxide with water to make a sugar called glucose. The glucose is used in respiration‚ or converted into starch and stored. Oxygen is produced as a by-product. This process is called photosynthesis. Temperature‚ carbon dioxide concentration and light intensity are factors that can limit the rate of photosynthesis. Plants also need mineral ions‚ including nitrate and magnesium‚ for healthy growth. They
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Abstract: Symbiosis is very important in the plant world. Fungus has a symbiotic relationship with other plants. This may help the plant through tough times‚ for example; droughts and long winters. There are many careers that study the problems of symbiotic plants. Symbiosis with Plants Symbiosis with plants is very important. Fungus helps the plant live through tough times. There is a lot of information available about symbiosis but there are also many unanswered questions. Certain careers
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