Outline and evaluate the ‘WMM’ (12marks) The working memory model (WMM) has four components. The central executive controls and monitors the operation of the other 3 components. It also allocates attention. The phonological loop is sub-divided into 2 smaller components‚ the articulatory control system‚ where information is rehearsed sub vocally or in the inner voice and the phonological store where speech is held for a very brief duration in the inner ear. The third component is the visuo spatial
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Describe and Evaluate Bowlby’s theory of attachment. An attachment refers to ‘a close two-way emotional relationship between two people. In Child Psychology this focus is on the main care-giver most commonly (but not exclusively) our mothers.’ According to Bowlby‚ children develop an attachment to one main caregiver which is qualitatively different than any others e.g. warm and continuous relationship with mother. This attachment has to occur within the sensitive period (6-24 months) or there could
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Outline and evaluate learning theory as an explanation of attachment. Classical conditioning - Before attachment is learned‚ the infant gains pleasure through being fed. Food is the unconditioned stimulus and pleasure is the unconditioned response. When the infant is being fed‚ the infant associates the person providing the food with the food. The primary caregiver is the neutral stimulus‚ which becomes associated with food (the unconditioned stimulus). When the attachment has been learned
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“Evaluate Kelley’s Co-Variation Model Of Attribution” The co-variation model of attribution uses the idea that all people analyse behaviour and search for causes of it in a similar way to a scientist. The model introduces the theory that when observing behaviour‚ people will process a cause by identifying the factor with the highest co-variance to the behaviour. This is achieved by collecting three sets of information‚ these being consistency‚ distinctiveness and consensus. When consistency is low
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Outline and evaluate the strange situations During the 1970’s‚ psychologist Mary Ainsworth further expanded upon Bowlby’s groundbreaking work in her now-famous "Strange Situation" study. The study involved observing children between the ages of 12 to 18 months responding to a situation in which they were briefly left alone and then reunited with their mother (Ainsworth‚ 1978). Based on these observations‚ Ainsworth concluded that there were three major styles of attachment: secure attachment‚ ambivalent-insecure
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Outline and evaluate feminist views of relationships between men and women Relationships between men and women in postmodern Britain have come a long way from the days when marriage was nothing but a consensus between man and father. However‚ society has still not moved past the gender prejudice that has been embedded within people for decades. Due to this‚ feminists of all variations have put forth strong arguments regarding the relationships between men and women. These egalitarian viewpoints have
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Hwk – Outline and evaluate explanations of conformity (8 marks) AO1: Conformity is a form of social influence and is the tendency to copy other people’s behaviour and attitudes from within a group. Normative social influence occurs when a person desires to be liked and accepted by a group. They will publicly conform and change their behaviour but they will still privately reject their views. This change in behaviour is often temporary as this type of social influence leads to compliance.
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Outline and evaluate definitions of abnormality. Abnormality has three definitions. The first definition is deviation from social norms. Social norms are the approved and expected ways of behaving in a particular society. In terms of social norms‚ abnormal behaviour can be seen as behaviour that deviates from or violates social norms. The key weakness of the deviation of social norms is cultural relativity. Social norms by their very definition are specific to a particular
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Outline & evaluate the cognitive interview. (12 marks) The cognitive interview was devised by psychologists in order to eliminate the effects of misleading questions and misleading information. The process consists of first reporting everything the witness can remember‚ even information they believe to be unimportant. Then the witness is asked to mentally instate their experience‚ where they mentally use their sense to recall information. After this the witness is asked to change the order in
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The main characteristic of the concept of place attachment‚ (Ainsworth & Bell‚ 1970) “the propensity of human beings to seek out the place in which they feel comfortable and secure”‚ the effective bond that people have with the place they habituate has rarely been explicitly emphasized (Hidalgo). However‚ as Riley noted: “the affective attachments to ideas‚ people‚ psychological states‚ past experiences‚ and culture” are the crucial element of the concept. “And it is through the vehicle of particular
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