This thesis is a collection of three independent essays on the causes and consequences of local elections in non-democratic regimes. The first essay examines the political consequences of local elections on the first democratic election after the fall of an autocratic regime. My theoretical analysis highlights that officials that were appointed by upper levels of government have a stronger incentive to continue to use local patronage networks to signal their alignment to upper levels of government
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The Crime I Committed Crimes are often considered as the mean‚ brutal and merciless illegal act‚ however‚ crimes are not just about breaking the law‚ it could be hurting people’s feelings as well. Looking through the 17 years that I have experienced so far‚ I have hurt people’s feeling in a variety of ways at different periods of my life for countless of purposes‚ and one of the greatest crimes that I committed is hurting my mother’s feeling. Before I went aboard in the summer of 2014‚ I had
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Criminology is a combination of two Latin words: Crimen – crime Logus or logy – science It is the science or study of crime. It is concerned with the conduct of individuals which is prohibited by society and law. It is a socio-legal study which seeks to discover the causes of criminality and suggests appropriate remedies. 1.1 Definitions by various scholars 1.11 Edwin Sutherland Criminology is the body of knowledge regarding crime as a social phenomenon. It includes within its scope the
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busy enough that taking some time our for even learning such skills is not possible. From childhood to adulthood and later‚ day-to-day routine tasks take so much efforts and time that these extra skills are nearly abandoned. Besides one reason being non-availability of free time‚ interest in these activities has lost its wya. there used to be a charm in designing own clothes‚ mending household items or even repairing furniture. But modern inventions‚ career building‚ social activities etc has played
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Chinese Traditional Wedding In the different culture‚ there are many different customs and traditions in festival celebrations. Wedding customs are one of the most representative and symbolic customs in revealing the differences. Wedding ceremony shows not only the love of couple or two families involved‚ but also reflects the heritage of Chinese civilization. Ever since ancient times‚ the most delightful moments in one’s life come with success in marriage and birth of son. Chinese wedding decorates
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Criminal Law Research Paper Whenever a new technology is found‚ like a double-edged sword‚ it often brings both more convenient life and possibility of danger in which potential exploitation of gap that might occur in its initial developing stage. For the past 20 years‚ computer related technologies and industry have been continuously advancing at radical speeds that greatly changed our way of life. The introduction of internet and digitalization of data has saved us enormous time and work required
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1. Deviance- the recognized violation of cultural norms. 2. Crime- the violation of a society’s formally enacted criminal law. 3. Social control- attempts by society to regulate people’s thoughts and behavior. 4. Criminal justice system- the organizations—police‚ courts‚ and prison officials—that respond to alleged violations of the law. 5. Labeling- the idea that deviance and conformity result not so much from what people do as from how others respond to those actions. 6. Stigma- a powerfully
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1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background This section will present detailed explaination of non resident‚spend and money and description of how do non resident of student UITM Arau spend their money. 1.2.1 Definition of non-resident‚ spend and money. “Non resident student” is any student who is not residing within the school district with intent to make his residence within the school district a permanent residence. Student who only move into the school district on a temporary basis for
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Legal Crime vs Natural Crime The natural definition of crime is any act that is seen as fundamentally wrong‚ strongly disapproved‚ and deserving of punishment”‚ regardless of whether it is legal. Natural crime is one that is mala in se‚ or wrong in itself. Meaning that is wrong to do regardless of your circumstances. Natural crime presumes a common morality that society agrees that everyone should behave the same way towards certain areas. It is also based on the principle that within most religions
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Introduction According to the U.S. Uniform Crime Reporting Statistics‚ by 2000 more than 300 million users around the globe accessed the World Wide Web. Of those‚ at least 1 million were engaged in illegal Internet activities (computer crime or "cyber-crime"). Cyber-crimes include Internet-related forgery‚ embezzlement‚ fraud‚ vandalism‚ and the disposal of stolen goods. The potential threat to the overall development of e-commerce was serious—so much so that online security expenditures were expected
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