LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION OF NERVOURS SYSTEM: NEURONS: * STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION: Specialized cell transmitting nerve impulses; a nerve cell. Neurons have specialized projections called dendrites and axons. Dendrites bring information to the cell body and axons take information away from the cell body. Neurons communicate with each other through an electrochemical process. Information is transmitted to the receiving cell at junctions via chemical messengers called neurotransmitters. At this juncture
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Human body is not perfect‚ there are many imperfection in almost every organ system but that is what makes us and other living beings unique as well as interesting . Today we will be discussing one of such imperfections ‚ "The Referred pain" which I have called a Glitch in the Nervous system and you will know why as you read this post.And we will also be discussing its Medical implications. What is a Referred Pain? A pain which is felt at the distant site from the organ diseased but not felt at
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Illness : Violent coughing can damage the nerves in the olfactory glands‚ a viral infection or respiratory virus may damage the olfactory nerve. When a viral infection like the "flu" involves the cells of the olfactory epithelium‚ the viral particles destroy the normal functioning of the nasal olfactory cells. Also‚ allergy or infection in the
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nervous system System of nerves that includes the brain‚ brainstem‚ and spinal cord Cell body Part of a neuron that contains a nucleus but does not incorporate the axon and dendrites Peripheral nervous system All nerves that are not part of the CNS Dendrites Short branched extension of a nerve cell that receives signals from other nerves cells. Somatic nervous system Nervous system associated with voluntary body movements‚ such as moving and arm or leg. Axon Long threat like nerve cell that sends impulses
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complex disorder characterized by a constellation of signs and symptoms resulting from a compression of blood vessels and nerves in the thoracic outlet region where they exit the chest. The thoracic outlet is a space located between the thorax (rib cage) and the clavicle (collarbone) which contains major blood vessels and nerves. The thoracic outlet is the area through which nerves and blood vessels travel to and from the arm. Thoracic Outlet syndrome is considered a “syndrome” since it involves multiple
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Masses of myelinated nerve fibers appear a. white. b. gray. c. brown. d. transparent. Answer: A 2. Which of the following lists the parts of a reflex arc in the correct sequence? a. receptor‚ sensory neuron‚ motor neuron‚ interneuron‚ effector b. effector‚ receptor‚ sensory neuron‚ motor neuron‚ interneuron c. effector‚ sensory neuron‚ receptor‚ interneuron‚ motor neuron d. receptor‚ sensory neuron‚ interneuron‚ motor neuron‚ effector Answer: D 3. When a nerve fiber is polarized
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Sample ‘short answer’ questions for Lecture Exam 4 (Final Exam) (1) Briefly describe the meninges and spaces that surround the spinal cord. Meningeal Branch: Tiny‚ reenters vertebral canal‚ innervates meninges and blood vessels (2) Distinguish among exteroceptors‚ interoceptors and proprioceptors. Exteroceptors: Respond to stimuli arising outside body Receptors in the skin for touch‚ pressure‚ pain‚ and temperature Most special sense organs (vision‚ hearing‚ equilibrium‚ taste‚ smell) Interoceptors:
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the inner ear. The fluid-filled inner ear consists of the spiral-shaped cochlea (an ancient Greek word for the shell of a snail). The passageways of the cochlea are lined with about 20‚ 000 microscopic hair cells that convert sound vibrations into nerve impulses which are then sent to the brain. Here‚ these impulses are interpreted as meaningful sounds. There are only 15‚000 hair cells to perform this analysis‚ and they pass the information to the auditory
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A ’tropism’ is a growth in response to a stimulus. Plants grow towards sources of water and light‚ which they need to survive and grow. Auxin is a plant hormone produced in the stem tips and roots‚ which controls the direction of growth. Plant hormones are used in weedkillers‚ rooting powder and to control fruit ripening. Tropisms The direction of plant growth Plants need light and water for photosynthesis. They have developed responses called tropisms to help make sure they grow towards sources
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Neuroscience: Past‚ Present‚ and Future LEARNING OBJECTIVES At the end of this topic student should be able to: Discuss the historical background of neuroscience – views of the brain in different era Discuss the history of modern neuroscience State the levels of analysis based on their complexities Explain the scientific process Discuss some major disorder of nervous system INTRODUCTION Human nature Curiosity‚ emotion (happiness & hurt)‚ movement‚ reasoning‚ learning‚ memory
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