INTRODUCTION TO MUSCULOSKELETAL ANATOMY. APPROACHES TO THE DESCRIPTION AND DISCUSSION OF ANATOMICAL STRUCTUES. LEVELS OF STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION. SYSTEMS DESCRIPTION/DISCUSSION OF MUSCULOSKELETAL STRUCTURES. CLASSIFICATION OF MUSCULOSKELETAL STRUCTURES. GENERAL FUNCTION OF MUSCULOSKELETAL STRUCTURES. TOPOGRAPHICAL DESCRIPTION/DISCUSSION OF MUSCULOSKELETAL STRUCTURES. PERSPECTIVES IN MACROSCOPIC ANATOMY.
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When we exercise circulatory system‚ respiratory system and muscles are affected. Short term effects are immediate and long term refers to our adaptation to exercise. After an intense exercise we are still breathing heavily‚ that is due to our internal respiration taking in more oxygen or cellular respiration (where the cells converts the food into energy or releases the molecules of Carbon‚ Hydrogen‚ Oxygen and Nitrogen which make up our food and are stored to higher cells known as ATP or Adenosine
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Report The Effects of Exercise on the Cardiovascular System Introduction Exercise has a major impact on the cardiovascular system and its efficiency in the human body. There are many concepts which need to be examined to understand exercise and the cardiovascular system‚ such as systolic and diastolic blood pressure‚ cardiac output‚ total peripheral resistance‚ and physiological pathways. According to the European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation‚ exercise provides a change
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supplemental oxygen. Mild to moderate hypoxemia is a common arterial blood gas finding. Hypocapnia and respiratory alkalosis may occur due to the high respiratory rate of an acute asthma exacerbation‚ but prolonged or severe symptoms may cause hypercapnia and metabolic acidosis (Karwat‚ 2002). Chest radiography is often normal; however‚ findings can encounter hyperinflation of the lungs with flattened diaphragm if there is obvious air trapping with the diagnosis of asthma. A CXR may be obtained
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The Aging Musculoskeletal System Bone and muscle health and maintenance are important in aging adults. However‚ it is especially imperative for elder Caucasian women to have good bone and muscle health. Not maintaining strong bones can lead to bone diseases‚ such as‚ osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. Poor muscle health can result in muscular atrophy. For example‚ Edith‚ who is an 84-year-old thin‚ small boned‚ white female suffers from all three of those diseases. Osteoporosis is a disease characterized
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of time and money to go when you are not sick. She said many problems can be taken care of at home with rest and over the counter medication. She believes too many people go to the doctor for minor problems that could be taken care of at home. Musculoskeletal Assessment There were no deformities‚ pain‚ or swelling in the extremities. She demonstrated full range of motion in her upper and lower extremities bilaterally. JA was unable to walk due to weakness. She was on several medications such as Fluconazole
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occlusion of the duodenal lumen. I met AG on 2-23-12 when she was three weeks post-operative (post-op)‚ gastrojejunostomy‚ resection of the pancreatic head mass biopsy‚ and gastrostomy tube (gtube) placement. The patient had her first episode of acute pancreatitis in 2006 with four recurrences over two years. In 2007 she underwent Laparotomy and had a biopsy of an inflammatory periduodenal mass. She was treated with radiation and chemotherapy for a short period. In 2008 following several episodes
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death. Pancreatitis can be either acute or chronic depending on diagnosis‚ severity‚ and symptoms
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Case study: 1. With regard to the normal ageing process. Discuss expected changes that may occur. A. The Musculo-skeletal system? Aging changes in the musculoskeletal system can lead to decreased mobility‚ increase in pain‚ lower activity‚ the ability to maintain strength and co-ordination. Regular exercise can maintain strength and function and help reduce risk of falls‚ reduce pain and help the older person in maintaining levels of independence. The Musculo-skeletal is made up of
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Acute Inflammation The survival of all organisms requires that they eliminate foreign invaders‚ such as infectious pathogens‚ and damaged tissues. These functions are mediated by a complex host response called inflammation. Definition of inflammation Inflammation is fundamentally a protective response‚ the ultimate goal of which is to rid the organism of both the initial cause of cell injury (e.g.‚ microbes‚ toxins) and the consequences of such injury (e.g.‚ necrotic cells and tissues)
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