Содержание статьи при реферировании излагается объективно‚ без критической оценки содержания с позиции реферирующего. Придельным объемом реферата принято считать 1200 слов. При сокращении текста оригинала от 3 до 10 раз. В процессе реферирования происходит существенная переработка содержания‚ композиции языка оригинала: выделяются главные факты и излагаются в кратной форме. Язык и стиль оригинала претерпевают изменения в сторону нормативности‚ нейтральности‚ простоты и лаконичности. Реферат -
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Beyond Despair: The Drowned Woman in Victorian Literature and Art The death of a beautiful woman is‚ unquestionably‚ the most poetical topic in the world ―Poe‚ “The Philosophy of Composition” Suicide is often portrayed as the ultimate form of despair; an action relinquishing all hope of reconciliation or salvation. Yet it was a subject that fascinated Victorians. Indeed‚ Philippe Aires notes that the staging of death as an aesthetic event was a nineteenth-century invention (466). Often mentioned
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Robert Frost’s poetry is always simple and direct‚ yet strangely deep. Everyone can read into his poem but with different kind of expression. Frost has been discovering the world. He likes to explore relationships between individuals and between people and nature. One of his famous poems‚ ’Mending Wall’‚ reveals his feelings and ideas about community‚ life and imagination. In New Hampshire‚ where Frost’s house was‚ there was a stonewall. This stonewall was the inspiration for the poem "Mending Wall"
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On Structure: Michael Drayton’s Sonnet “Since There’s No Help” (Idea 61) There are many different ways to approach the structure of a poem‚ a piece of fiction‚ a play. In what follows I’m going to make some suggestions about the structure of Michael Drayton’s poem beginning “Since there’s no help‚ come let us kiss and part‚” a sonnet from his collection titled Idea‚ first published in 1593. It’s important for you to understand that there are many valuable and illuminating ways to talk about
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Meaning…………………………………………………….14 Stylistic Differentiation of the Vocabulary…………………………………………………………………..16 Literary Stratum of Words. Colloquial Words…..…………………………………………………………..16 Lexical Stylistic Devices…………………………………………………………………………………….23 Metaphor. Metonymy. Synecdoche. Play on Words. Irony. Epithet…………………………………………23 Hyperbole. Understatement. Oxymoron. ……………………………………………………………………23 CHAPTER III. SYNTACTICAL LEVEL..................................…………………………………………38 Main Characteristics of the
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Some Essential Concepts in the Analysis of Cohesion A Note on Texture In Halliday’s grammar‚ the analysis of cohesion is closely related to the analysis of theme-rheme and given-new‚ as all these features are connected to thetextual metafunction of language. Theme-rheme and given-new combine in the grammar of English to form what Halliday calls the structural component ofTEXTURE‚ which is defined as ‘the property of ‘being a text’’. The other component of TEXTURE is the cohesive‚ which is the non-structural component
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Bouchikhi Camil “Denise Levertov and Water” Denise Levertov was born was born in 1923 in Ilford‚ United Kingdom‚ part Welsh‚ English‚ German and Jewish. She played Piano‚ studied Literature and French and at the same time “[sold] the Daily Worker house-to-house in the working class streets of Ilford Lane”1. Her mother came from a mining village and her father was a professor. She traveled and studied literature all over Europe‚ analyzing classic French literature as well as German texts. After
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1. Allegory – a continuous parallel between two (or more) levels of meaning in a story‚ so that its persons and events correspond to their equivalents in a system of ideas or a chain of events external to the tale. Context – “’The story is‚ there was one‚ just one‚ who ever came back‚ and he told what happened on the train‚ and where the train went and what happened after’”(207). – A Mother’s Tale by James Agee 2. Alliteration – the repetition of the same sounds – usually initial consonants
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Glossary of Terms for the Analysis of Literature ACROSTIC - Usually verse arranged in such a way as to present names or phrases or sentences when certain letters selected according to an orderly sequence are brought together to form an alphabet‚ a name (often that of the author‚ a patron‚ or a loved one)‚ or some other concealed message. AESTHETICS – Philosophical investigation into the nature of beauty and the perception of beauty‚ especially the arts; the theory of art or of artistic tastes
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5 Psychoanalytic criticism Introduction Psychoanalytic criticism is a form of literary criticism which uses some of the techniques of psychoanalysis in the interpretation of literature. Psychoanalysis itself is a form of therapy which aims to cure mental disorders ’hy investigating the interaction of conscious and unconscious elements in the mind’ (as the Concise Oxford Dictionary puts it). The classic method of doing this is to get the patient to talk freely‚ in such a way that the repressed
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