Earthquakes: Why do some places suffer more than others? Whilst earthquakes are perhaps the most frequently occurring natural hazard‚ their impact on people‚ property and communities varies enormously from one place to another. It is possible to identify a number of factors that cause some places to suffer more than others. Whilst some are large scale and are to do with tectonic location‚ others are decided at a much more local scale‚ and relate to building design and levels of preparedness. Perhaps
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praised and others have been heavily criticized. A timeline of events has shaped the social perceptions of disasters. In the 1980s‚ major events such as Mt. Helen’s eruption‚ the Bhopal chemical release‚ the Chernobyl nuclear accident‚ and the Loma Prieta earthquake. In the 1990s‚ Hurricane Andrew‚ the Midwest flooding‚ the bombing of World Trade Center‚ and Tokyo gas release. In the new millennium‚ physical damage‚ lives lost‚ and the economic impact escalated‚ 9/11 attacks‚ in 2005 the coast of
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The San Andreas Fault and its role in Plate Tectonics and Earthquake Prediction The San Andreas Fault is one of the most widely studied faults in the world. Scientists use an array of methods in collecting data and providing analysis of fault characteristics both past and present. Presently there are many differing hypothesis and models used to describe crustal movements and deformation within the Pacific and North American plate boundary. Historical earthquakes along this fault have proven to be
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3.) List four facts that characterize the oceanic ridge system. Four facts that characterize the oceanic ridge system are: firstly‚ it represents 20 percent of Earth’s surface‚ the oceanic ridge system winds through all major ocean basin like the seams on a baseball. Ridges vary in width from 600 miles to 2500 miles. The mid-ocean ridge represents an area where‚ lithospheric plates move apart and new crust is created by magma pushing up from the mantle . Also‚ the mid-ocean ridge system is an example
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stronger than gravity. In many cases the direction also rapidly changes. Bridge failure during strong earthquakes poses not only a threat of fatalities but causes a substantial interruption of emergency efforts. “On October 17th‚ 1989‚ the Loma Prieta Earthquake hit San Francisco Bay Area with a Richter scale of 6.9 for moment magnitude and 7.1 for surface magnitude” ("Collapse). This quake caused issues to the Oakland Bay Bridge‚ a popular bridge allowing workers to commute from the suburbs
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Aliya Magazova 201102146 | Name of Incident | Description | Important Dates | Series of events | Actions of Employees | Management actions | Consequences | 2 | The collapse of the I-35W Bridge in Minneapolis | One of the main crossings of the Mississippi River in Minneapolis | Construction began in 1964. Opened in 1967. Collapsed on August 1‚ 2007. | Gusset plates had only half the thickness. No redundant load-bearing paths designed into structure. Increasing the weight of the structure by resurfacing
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Natural Hazards and Natural Disasters A natural hazard is a threat of a naturally occurring event will have a negative effect on humans. This negative effect is what we call a natural disaster. In other words when the hazardous threat actually happens and harms humans‚ we call the event a natural disaster. Natural Hazards (and the resulting disasters) are the result of naturally occurring processes that have operated throughout Earth’s history. Effects of Hazards Hazardous process of all
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and Fujino‚ Y.‚ "Reduction of pounding effects in elevated bridges during earthquakes"‚ Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics‚ Vol. 29‚ 2000‚ pp. 195-212. Kasai‚ K. and Maison‚ B. F.‚ "Observation of structural pounding damage from 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake"‚ Proceeding of 6th Canadian Conference of Earthquake Engineering‚ Toronto‚ Canada‚ 1991‚ pp 735-742. Kasai‚ K.‚ Jagiasi‚ A. R. and Jeng‚ V.‚ "Inelastic vibration phase theory for seismic pounding mitigation"‚ Journal of Structural Engineering
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back about 5 million years‚ the oldest sections were formed by the subduction of a spreading ridge 30 million years ago. “Northern The northern segment of the fault runs from Hollister‚ through the Santa Cruz Mountains‚ epicenter of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake‚ then on up the San Francisco Peninsula‚ where it was first identified by Professor Lawson in 1895‚ then offshore at Daly City near Mussel Rock. This is the approximate
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University Press of America: Lanham‚ MD. Birkland‚ Thomas A. 1996. “Natural Disasters as Focusing Events: Policy Communities and Political Response.” International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters 14 (2): 221-243. Bolin‚ Robert (ed.). 1990. The Loma Prieta Earthquake Studies of Short-Term Impacts. Boulder‚ CO: University of Colorado. Bolin‚ Robert and Lois Standford. 1998. “The Northridge Earthquake: Community-based Approaches.” Disasters 22(1): 21-38. Britton‚ Neil. and Clark‚ Gerard. 2000. “From
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