At the time the design and the execution of the Niagara Falls Suspension Bridge was revolutionary, however, it’s original design was unable to keep up with the massive surge in transportation and the tremendous increase in the size of…
Cooper’s stress calculations were made for the smaller length of the bridge. Cooper then recalculated the stress and discovered that there would be 7% more stress on the bridge. However, the Phoenix Company design staff and Cooper, recalculated the stress as team and discovered that there was 10% more stress. There were many financial problems with both the Phoenix Bridge Company and the Quebec Bridge Company, once they finally figured out the need to revise the assumed weights that were overlooked. The issue with the loads were discovered a year later, when a large portion of the bridge had already been built. Therefore, Cooper made the executive decision to accept the heavier loads and stresses to be within the acceptable limits. Cooper’s only alternative would have been to scratch the entire project and start over, and he did not want to stain his…
Carol is a 39-year-old Caucasian woman who came into counseling due to difficulties in her marriage. Carol never attended college however she secretly would like go to school and pursue a degree in education. She married her husband Paul in her senior year of high-school due to her unexpected pregnancy with their oldest son. Together they have a total of five children, Paul, Jr (twenty-one), Jackie (twenty), Steven (seventeen), Joshua (fifteen), and, Amanda (seven) in their twenty-one year marriage. The two oldest children are in college leaving the three youngest at home with Carol and Paul. Carol and Paul meet while in high-school however Paul is three years older and was a senior in college when they were married.…
2. Some Harold’s results of his CBC are abnormal and because of these results Harold can suffer from physiological effects. For example, his abnormal WBC counts.…
Each type of design is although, unique in its own way, fulfills the desired goal that the Truss Brides are made for. The purpose of this experiment is to research various bridges and build a similar one that gave the students the highest inspiration. For one case in particular, the bridge design was in-spired by the Pratt Bridge and almost every height, width, and length met the requirements ex-cept for the length on the bottom part of the bridge, it exceeded the maximum height that was asked. Moreover the bridge held a total of 20 pounds before one of the top sticks snapped. Alt-hough it performed a decent job, the bridge could have held more weight if there were more di-agonals to provide more support so the bridge wouldn't break. Furthermore, this bridge fulfilled its goal and held a large amount of weight for such a small bridge. These bridges are also very significant for this planet because it is very resourceful and effective, as well as…
It was designed to appear as ‘cathedral like’ when passing through the bridge with its ‘vaulted canopy of stay cables’. It was originally designed to be a conventional box girder bridge before being altered to be a cable stayed bridge.…
The engineers depended on computer analysis to assess the safety of their design. The roof design was extremely susceptible to buckling a mode of failure not considered by the computer analysis and, therefore, left unaccounted for (Shepherd and Frost, 1995). Due to the construction manager’s refusal to hire a structural engineer for the purpose of inspection, no one realized the structural implications of the bowing structures. Finally, the Hartford Department of Licenses and Inspection did not require a peer review of the arena design. If a second opinion had been required the design deficiencies responsible for the arena’s collapse probably would have been discovered (Feld and Carper,…
An interstate bridge in the California desert collapsed recently as heavy rains scoured away the land the depleted bridge was anchored to.The bridge for years has been a major throughway between the cities of Los Angeles and Phoenix as many cars use the bridge to get to there destination.Which caused the collapse was ,water hurrying through an ordinarily dry desert chasm disintegrating the area around the bridge, bringing about one side of the eastward interstate to fall and causing the closure of the westward side.California Department of Transportation spokesperson Vanessa Williams said, “bridge should have been fine if the flood came straight down the gully, this time it swept through at an angle that pushed the water to one bank, digging…
The Tacoma Narrows Bridge was the third largest in the world in 1940. Unfortunately that wouldn’t last too long. On November 7th, 1940 only four months after being open it collapsed due to violent swaying and flexing. Some of the reasons for its collapse were that it was put in an area of Tacoma that was prone to high winds and the engineer used solid girders instead of open trusses to cut costs. Another issue that engineers later learned about was its lack of aerodynamics. With that said we will conduct a risk analysis of key factors from this project.…
The earliest braking system that used by vehicles consisted of nothing more than a block of wood and a lever system. The wood brake system worked fine in conjunction with early vehicles that were equipped with steel rimmed wheels. However, when the Michelin brothers started to replace steel rimmed wheels with rubber tires on most vehicles towards late 1890s, the wood block braking system just does not create enough friction with rubber. Since the need for a new method of braking was necessary in order to replace the old wood block braking system, inventors scrambled for new ideas.…
Using Warren's design, Lawson was to build a prototype of the four-rotor brake and test it in the Goodrich laboratories. By simulating the weight of the A7D plane and its landing speed, Lawson was to ensure that the brake could "stop" the plane fifty-one consecutive times without any changes in the brake lining. If the brake "qualified" under this indoor laboratory test, it would then be mounted on airplanes and tested by pilots in flight. Kermit Vandivier, though not an engineer, was to write up the results of these laboratory qualifying tests and submit them as the laboratory…
With advances in automobile technology, braking systems have also been constantly evolving to offer precision braking facility in modern cars. The two prime braking technologies developed over the course of time are drum brakes and disc brakes.…
As well, we learned about the pros and cons of different types of truss bridges namely the Warren truss, Pratt and Howe trusses, and the Fink truss. Additionally, it was concluded from the research that triangles will experience both tension and compression when a force is applied on them, since the triangle spreads the compression force sideways to the ends of the bridge, therefore allowing support for a maximized load. Equilateral triangles are commonly used as they minimize forces to tension and compression. From the bridge research, it was concluded that the first types of bridges such as the Warren truss and the Pratt and Howe trusses are not optimized to keep a load; this crates the decision to construct a Fink bridge. The reason for this choice is that the Fink design is with a large triangle, with numerous smaller triangles inside the large triangle for reinforcements, which signifies that the Fink design would be strong, especially if the load is applied to the middle, due to the strengths of triangles. Additionally, to further strengthen the bridge for a centered load, the bridge should have a high depth at the middle. Also, in order to ensure that the bridge spans at least 90 cm, and to add strength, it was decided that a Triple Fink bridge be constructed. Due to the triangles in the design, this is even further reinforced by the overall triangular…
As for the events triggered this collapse affecting the thousands of people adversely, the most critical and important factor was the change of the design of the hanger rod connections from one-rod to two-rod system to make the assembly task simpler doubling the load on the connector. Improper design utilizing abrupt section changes, resulting in stress concentrations Degradation of materials in a connection. Improper design due to lack of consideration of all forces acting on a connection, especially those associated with volume changes. Lack of consideration of large residual stresses resulting from manufacture or fabrication. These are the most important structural factors caused of the walkway collapse. And it is resulted from the conflictual and controversial communication between the Havens Steel Company and G.C.E International Inc. This can be deemed as the most important factor triggered the walkway collapse because of the fact that these two professional engineering companies obviously were not able to communicate each other in professional bounders and haven’t acted in a responsible way and understood the importance of the job they were doing.…