When cash inflows are even: NPV = R × 1 − (1 + i)-n − Initial Investment i In the above formula‚ R is the net cash inflow expected to be received each period; i is the required rate of return per period; n are the number of periods during which the project is expected to operate and generate cash inflows. When cash inflows are uneven: NPV = R1 + R2 + R3 + ... − Initial Investment (1 + i)1 (1 + i)2 (1 + i)3 Where‚ i is the target rate of return per period;
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The crossover rate‚ where the NPVs are the same is 8.16%. Project A Project B Required Return 8.25% Required Return 8.25% Cash Flows Period Cash Flows Cash Flows Period Cash Flows Initial Outlay -8‚500 0 -8‚500 Initial Outlay -9‚500 0 -9‚500 1 3‚600 1 3‚900 2 2‚400 2 2‚900 3 2‚850 3 2‚900 4 5‚200 4 5‚550 Discounted Payback Period 3.23 Discounted Payback Period 3.28 NPV $2‚907.51 NPV $2‚905.64 Profitability Index
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Net Present Value Net Present Value (NPV) is used in capital budgeting to analyze the profitability of an investment or project. NPV is found by subtracting the present value of the after-tax outflows from the present value of the after-tax inflows. Investments with a positive NPV increase shareholder value and those with a negative NPV reduce shareholder value. In order to compute the NPV for Worldwide Paper Company‚ we have to calculate the cash flow in capital budgeting of the project as below
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Yr: 2014 Yr: 2013 Remarks 1.1 Profitibality Ratio 1.1.1 ROE= x 100 = 10.71% x100 = 10.30% Higher the better 1.1.2 ROTA= x100 = 18.27% x100 = 19.45% Higher the better 1.1.3 GPM= x100 = 71.67% x100 =70.35% Higher the better 1.1.4 OPM= x100 =28.72% x100 =29.79% Higher the better 1.1.5 NPM= x100 =43.48% x100 =39.46% Higher the better 1.1.6 NPM= x100 =38.74% x100 =35.04% Higher the better 1.2 Asset Utilisation 1.2.1 TA TURN= x100 =18.27% x100 =19.45% Higher the better 1.2.2
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Running head: A COMPARISON OF EVA AND NPV A Comparison of EVA and NPV (discuss the differences and similarity of EVA and NPV; why would companies choose to adopt EVA‚ implementation issues; chronicle the implementation experience of EVA on a real life company). 1 A COMPARISON OF EVA AND NPV 2 A Comparison of EVA and NPV (discuss the differences and similarity of EVA and NPV; why would companies choose to adopt EVA‚ implementation issues; chronicle the implementation
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N04 HL P1 Q5 Payback Calculation Year Machine A $ Machine B $ 1 45‚000 25‚000 Part of 2 20‚000 (0.57 of 35‚000) 35‚000 Part of 3 - 25‚000 (0.45 of 55‚000) Investment 65‚000 85‚000 1 + 0.57 = 1.57 (Machine A has payback period of 1.57 years) 2 + 0.45 = 2.45 (Machine B has payback period of 2.45 years) Accounting Rate of Return Calculation Machine A $ Machine B $ Net Return 155‚000 205‚000 Total Return-Investment 155‚000 – 65‚000 = 90‚000 205‚000 – 85‚000 = 120‚000
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**What is NPV?** a) If the value of NPV is greater than 0‚ then the project is a go! In other words‚ it’s profitable and worth the risk. b) If the value of NPV is less than 0‚ then the project isn’t worth the risk and is a no-go. So NPV takes risk and reward into consideration‚ which is why we use it in the world of corporate finance and capital budgeting. **Example** In order for us to calculate NPV‚ let’s use the following example. Suppose we’d like to make 10% profit on a 3
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The reason Elizabeth is challenge with her capacity needs and must to move into a more superior facility…Back in the early 80’s a lady by the name Elizabeth McDoogle pet name “Biddy” started a custom-style bakery in Cincinnati‚ Ohio operated in conjunction with three of her friends to produce a multiplicity of sweets and was sold to the general community and local eateries. There specialty was the McDoogle pie‚ a deep rich chocolate ingredient combination in a cookie crust‚ a deep rich chocolate
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Introduction Today’s bakeries are profit oriented. Bakery’ continuous effort to maximize their profit encourages them to increase their sells and marketing service. Bakery tries to attract those potential customers commenting on to its philosophy in serving its clients through helping through enriched products and managerial services and other additional facilities Objectives Broad Objective: To make
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before-tax NPV of the new lift and advise the managers of Deer Valley about whether adding the lift will be a profitable investment. Show calculations to support your answer. 2. Assume that the after-tax required rate of return for Deer Valley is 8%‚ the income tax rate is 40%‚ and the MACRS recovery period is 10 years. Compute the after-tax NPV of the new lift and advise the managers of Deer Valley about whether adding the lift will be a profitable investment. Show calculations to support your
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