Pascal’s Wager vs. the Ontological Argument Pascal’s Wager was a groundbreaking theory posed by the French philosopher‚ mathematician‚ and physicist Blaise Pascal. Pascal‚ who is said to be the father of modern probability‚ felt that that religion should be approached as a gamble. It was one of the first efforts to incorporate the concept of infinity. The wager stated that‚ even though the existence of God cannot be determined through reason‚ one should wager as though God exists‚ because living
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Explain Anselm’s Ontological argument (25 marks) Anselm‚ Archbishop of Canterbury and a monk was the creator of the Ontological Argument. The main aspect behind the argument was that the existence of God was true‚ in simple words‚ God exists. The argument is deductive as it depends only on knowledge and logic‚ not on experience as experiencing God is impossible physically. It is also a priori for similar reasons; the argument relies on logic alone. Anselm put forward his ideas about the existence
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of the ontological argument as presented by Anselm‚ and explain its purpose. The ontological argument is A priori argument for the existence of God. St Anselm is the name most firmly associated with the origins of the ontological argument and he was an 11 century writer and the Archbishop of Canterbury. The argument has the form of a deductive proof and it an analytical argument. He wrote two treatises (the Monologion and Proslogion) which became the foundation of the Ontological Argument. The
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To asses the strengths of the Ontological Argument for Gods existence‚ we firstly need to understand what it entails. The Ontological Argument looks at proof ’A Priori’‚ which is Analytical truth‚ reason based proof. This can be explained by saying 1+1=2. We know this to be true‚ as it is based on reasoning‚ and is a logical statement. This can be seen as a strength of the Ontological Argument‚ the fact that it is logical and rational. It deals with knowledge gained independently of experience‚ innate
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Explain the difference between transcendental realism (using Leibniz and Hume as examples) and Kant’s transcendental idealism. Why does Kant call his turn to transcendental idealism a “Copernican Revolution”. Transcendental realism claims that the world exists independently of human subjectivity. It also claims that the human thought or perception has no influence and does not effect the way world exists and cannot be interpreted by the way people interpret it. Transcendental realism relies
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1b) Examine the key concepts of the ontological argument for the existence of God (18) The ontological argument rests on the premise that the universe’s existence is contingent- it depends on something else to exist. The argument is deductive‚ analytic and a priori‚ and was first formed by St. Anselm‚ who prayed for a short argument that would prove God to be “that than which nothing greater can be conceived”. This prayer was called the proslogion and tried to prove God by means of reductio ad
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t Kant: Critique of Pure Reason There have been many philosophical perspectives and debates held throughout the centuries on the foundations of human knowledge. The stand points that both Descartes and Locke have differ and both of these philosophers’ perspectives have contributed to the rational and empirical debate about the foundations of human knowledge. Descartes’ understanding of the foundations of human knowledge takes on a rational viewpoint and has lead to Locke’s response of an empirical
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of duty. Duty is the moral necessity to perform actions for no other reason than to obey the dictates of a higher authority without any selfish inclination. Immanuel Kant states that the only moral motivation is a devotion to duty. The same action can be seen as moral if it is done for the sake of one’s duty but also as not moral (Kant distinguished between immoral and not moral) and simply praise-worthy if it is done out of inclination. Thus‚ to have moral worth‚ an action must be done from duty.
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moral duty to fulfill (Kant 114). Kant believes that all people have intrinsic or inherent value. Which in simple terms mean that we as human beings are held to a higher standard; to know what is right and wrong (Kant 114). Kant states that there are only two principles for an action to be morally right. First‚ you must have done the action out of the motivation of good will. Kant defines good will as “To act out of duty‚ out of a concern and respect for the moral law”(Kant 114). Good will plays a
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really skilled at something in general. While in philosophy‚ Kant defines genius as follow‚ ‘Genius is the talent (natural gift) that gives the rule to art [...] Genius is the inborn predisposition of the mind through which nature gives the rule to art’; ‘Beautiful art must necessarily be considered as art of genius’. (§46) To Kant‚ it is like beautiful art cannot live without genius‚ because beautiful art is the art of genius. As Kant mentioned‚ genius cannot be imitated‚ it is a special ability
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