Differences Between Ionic and Covalent Compounds Abstract In chemistry‚ a compound is a substance formed from two or more elements‚ with a fixed ratio determining the composition. A defining characteristic of a compound is that it has a chemical formula. Formulas describe the ratio of numbers of atoms in a substance. Compounds may have a number of possible phases. For a compound to be a liquid or a gas and still be called a compound‚ atoms from the various elements must be stuck together in
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Molecules‚ by definition‚ are most often held together with covalent bonds involving single‚ double‚ and/or triple bonds‚ where a "bond" is a shared pair of electrons (the other method of bonding between atoms is called ionic bonding and involves a positive cation and a negative anion). Molecular geometries can be specified in terms of bond lengths‚ bond angles and torsional angles. The bond length is defined to be the average distance between the centers of two atoms bonded together in any given molecule
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MOLECULAR ELECTRONICS INTRODUCTION Molecular electronics (sometimes called moletronics) is a branch of applied physics which aims at using molecules as passive (e.g. resistive wires) or active (e.g. transistors) electronic components. The concept of molecular electronics has aroused much excitement both in science fiction and among scientists due to the prospect of size reduction in electronics offered by such minute components. It is an enticing alternative to extend Moore’s Law beyond the
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Speech I. The history of molecular gastronomy Molecular gastronomy is a new discipline about food science. This science investigates‚ explains and makes practical use of the physical and chemical transformations of ingredients that take place while cooking. But the truth is‚ using this science in cooking is not new. Pioneer Professors Evelyn G. Halliday and Isabel T. Noble: they said in their book “The main purpose of this book is to give an understanding of the chemical principles upon
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Molecular Modeling Exercise The purpose of the is lab was to practice modeling molecules and exploring the capabilities of the ChemOffice programs. The minimum energy was found for each of the three molecules tested and the strain energy at different dihedral angles was plotted. The first molecule‚ butane‚ was easily completed but amphetamine and U4EA caused some difficulty. The results of the last two were not very conclusive. INTRODUCTION The purpose of this lab was to explore the capabilities
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ABSTRACT A molecular diffusion experiment was conducted with the goal of determining the diffusion coefficient of acetone into air. For this experiment‚ acetone was placed in a capillary tube and was allowed to diffuse into non-diffusing air that was passed over the test tube at the temperature of 50oC.Thetemperature is kept constant and air stream is passed over the top of the tube to ensure that the partial pressure of the vapor is transferred from the surface of the liquid to be air stream bymolecular
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Use RESTRICTED to schools where students have purchased this manual Molecular Genetics IB SL IB HL IB Options AP Biology Complete nos: Complete nos: Complete nos: Complete nos: 1‚ 3-4‚ 7‚ 9(a)‚ 11‚ 13(a)-(d)‚14-15‚ 20-22 Extension: 2‚ 12 1-26‚ 28-29‚ 3132‚ 34 Extension: 27‚ 30‚ 33 Option D: 30 1-34 Some numbers as extension as appropriate L earning Objectives 1. Compile your own glossary from the KEY WORDS displayed in bold type in the learning objectives
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Procedure Read through the following Procedures and then draw a data table in your notebook to record your observations about any precipitates or gases that form when the two solutions are combined. Remember to include color for precipitates. Examine the reactions against both dark and white backgrounds. If there is no reaction for that combination of solutions write NR (no reaction). Before beginning‚ set up a data table similar to the Data Table: Solubility Rules Table in the Lab Report
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MOLECULAR MODELING 1. Objectives ● Predictthe shape of identified compounds; ● Construct molecular models of identified compounds; and ●Determine the molecular structure of identified compounds. 2. Theory Building models of molecules are useful for visualizing how atoms are connected in three-dimensional space called molecular geometry‚ which is best predicted by Valence-Shell Electron-Pair Repulsion (VSPER) theory. The following are the sets of rules summarizing thsi theory: ●
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MOLECULAR FARMING INTRODUCTION Biotechnology in agriculture has two categories: 1. “Improvements” to existing livestock and crops‚ and 2. Development of entirely new uses for both animals and plants (biopharming). “Improvements"‚ include ‘input traits’ such as crops with extra resistance to insect attack‚ improved weed control‚ increase the plants tolerance to cold‚ drought and other environmental factor. Ex "Roundup ready" soya‚ "Starlite" corn‚ or "Frost-tolerant" tomatoes. WHY PLANTS
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