State Action requirement The Constitution does not generally apply to private entities or actors; there must be a state law passed or action through officers or agents of the state‚ which is adverse to the rights of the citizen seeking our adjudication. The Civil Rights Cases. COMEDOWN: While the state action doctrine may have serious costs: absent statutory restrictions‚ private conduct can infringe or trample even the most basic of rights‚ this court likes the state action doctrine because
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Zippittelli v. J.C. Penney Co. IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE MIDDLE DISTRICT OF PENNSYLVANIA February 28‚ 2007 JOANNE ZIPPITTELLI‚ PLAINTIFF v. J.C. PENNEY COMPANY‚ INC.‚ J.C. PENNEY TELEMARKETING‚ INC.‚ AND JAMES JOHNSON‚ DEFENDANTS The opinion of the court was delivered by: Judge James M. Munley United States District Court MEMORANDUM Before the court is defendants’ motion for summary judgment (Doc. 18). Having been fully briefed and argued‚ the matter is ripe for disposition
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Although Transcendentalism as a historical movement was limited in time from the mid 1830s to the late 1840s and in space to eastern Massachusetts‚ its ripples continue to spread through American culture. Beginning as a quarrel within the Unitarian church‚ Transcendentalism’s questioning of established cultural forms‚ its urge to reintegrate spirit and matter‚ its desire to turn ideas into concrete action developed a momentum of its own‚ spreading from the spheres of religion and education to literature
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ESL 33A “How Julia Child Invented Modern Life” by Karen Lehrman Discussion Questions 1. What were popular American attitudes toward food before Julia Child’s book‚ Mastering the Art of French Cooking? 2. How did American culture change after World War II? 3. How did Julia’s book influence the way Americans viewed food? 4. How did Julia Child influence the way Americans viewed women? 5. Where and how did Julia Child meet her husband? What was he doing at the time? 6. How did Julia Child
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C H A P T E R F I V The State of the American Dream: Race and Ethnic Socioeconomic Inequality in the United States‚ 970-90 Charles Hirschman and C. Matthew Snipp merica is a nation of immigrants‚ but not all immigrant groups have experienced the same reception and opportunities or have been accorded the same influence. American ideals and cultural values were largely shaped by the Anglo herii.i^e of the founding settlers. For most of the nation’s history‚ those ideals huve continued to define
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Henri René Albert Guy de Maupassant (French pronunciation: [gi d(ə) mo.pa.ˈsɑ̃] ; 5 August 1850 – 6 July 1893) was a popular 19th-century French writer‚ considered one of the fathers of the modern short story and one of the form’s finest exponents. A protégé of Flaubert‚ Maupassant’s stories are characterized by their economy of style and efficient‚ effortless dénouements. Many of the stories are set during the Franco-Prussian War of the 1870s and several describe the futility of war and the innocent
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LYRIC AND THE INNER LIFE COURSEWORK ‘Elegy is about mourning for one’s own condition’ Stuart Curran‚ ‘Romantic Elegiac Hybridity’‚ in The Oxford Handbook to Elegy (Oxford‚ 2010)‚ ed. Karen Weisman‚ p. 249 Discuss Curran’s comment in relation to the work of Thomas Gray and Percy Bysshe Shelley. ’One of the major tasks of the work of mourning and of the work of the elegy is to repair the mourner ’s damaged narcissism ’[1]. This quote by literary critic Peter Sacks‚ flourishes from
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The Impact of Drugs on Society Drugs have effects on society in many different ways. The negative consequences of drug abuse affect not only individuals who abuse drugs but also their families and friends‚ various businesses‚ and government resources. The ONDCP (2202) discusses the effects of drug abuse. “Although many of these affects cannot be quantified‚ ONDCP reported that in 2002‚ the economic cost of drug abuse to the United States was $180.9 billion.”(www.usdoj.gov ) Devastating
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A Galtungian Interpretation on the Madrarsa Graduates’ Phenomenon on Violence against them Kazi Sameeo Sheesh Lecturer‚ Institute of Educational Development-BRAC University‚ Bangladesh and Doctoral Student‚ University of Sussex‚ UK e-mail: sameeo@gmail.com Abstract The objective of this research is to illustrate and analysis the phenomena of how the Madrasa graduates of Dhaka city perceive about violence against them. This research follows the qualitative approach applying in-depth
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“In the Name of the Child”: An analysis and critique of The Northern Territory National Emergency Response (NTER) “…the starting point might be to recognise that the problem starts with us non-Aboriginal Australians. It begins‚ I think‚ with the act of recognition. Recognition that it was we who did the dispossessing. We took the traditional lands and smashed the traditional way of life. We brought the disasters. The alcohol. We committed the murders. We took the children from their mothers.
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